Kaziranga-Nationalpark

Kaziranga is an Indian national park in the state of Assam in the landscape of Karbi Anglong hills in northeast India. The park is bounded to the north by the Brahmaputra in the south of the National Road 37. The park has an area of 430 km ² and consists of high grasslands, forests and wetlands. The National Park represents the most important sanctuary for the Indian rhinoceros and is home to over 70 % of the world total stock. In addition, Kaziranga is one of the most important sanctuaries for wild water buffalo, Asian elephants, Bengal tigers and Barasinghahirsche.

The National Park Authority has its headquarters in Bokahat. Four management stations are located in Agaratoli, Baguri, Burrhpahar and Kohora.

The core area of Kaziranga is placed under protection since January 3, 1908 and was extended again and again to a few square kilometers. Since 1985, the Park is a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

Climate and vegetation

The climate is influenced by the monsoon, from November to April is hardly precipitate rain in the rest of the year brings the average annual precipitation of 1,830 mm. About two-thirds of the park area are then flooded, also because of its banks passing Brahmaputra, the nutrient-rich mud deposits. This natural fertilization creates high grass habitats and is a prerequisite of biodiversity in the national park. The Durchschnittstemparatur in the summer is 32 ° C, in winter 10 ° C.

Wildlife

Kaziranga is home to significant populations of rare large animal species. The park is home 2,040 Indian rhinos (as of 2011 ), 1,250 Asian elephants (as of 2005 ) and over 1,400 Wild water buffalo ( as of 2001). The elephants sometimes forming flocks of up to 200 animals. The reserve is also home to 86 Bengal tigers ( as of 2000) and about 470 copies ( as of 2000) of the rare deer tines, which occurs here in a particular subspecies. Sambar deer are represented with about 60 (1999 ), wild boar with about 430 animals (1999 ). Other large herbivores are Indian Muntjakhirsche, hog deer and Gaure. Large carnivores are represented next to the tiger by the Indian leopard, Asiatic wild dog, Asiatic and sloth. Kappenlangur, Hoolock Gibbon, Assam Macaque and Rhesus Macaque represent the primate of the reserve. Other mammal species that deserve mention are fishing cat, jungle cat, Eurasian otter, small Indian civet, Indian civet, Indian gray mongoose, Small Indian mongoose, Bengalfuchs, golden jackal, Chinese badger, hog badger, orange-bellied Himalayan squirrel, Indian porcupine, Front Indian pangolin and swing dolphin. Among the reptiles are Gavial, Bengalenwaran, Bindenwaran, kraits, king cobra, monocled cobra, rock python and reticulated python call to

Problems resulting from the settlement around the National Park. The region of the Karbi Anglong - Mountains, which comprises 10,500 km ², is used for agriculture, about 800,000 people live here. Due to the extensive management of livestock, it happens again and again that grazing livestock from entering the National Park and diseases (eg, anthrax ) einschleppt that are transmitted by direct contact with wildlife or feces.

Conversely attract many wild animals during the rainy season from July / August to October when the Brahmaputra flooded large parts of the park, to higher ground, in the south especially the Karbi Hills, in the north of the Himalayan foothills, and leave it the reserve. Of the farmers watching the rhinos and elephants are considered " agricultural pests " that trample the fields. The animals are therefore driven out or killed. Also poachers take advantage of the flood season and the lack of monitoring of the animals by gamekeepers to specifically prey on the horn of the Indian rhinoceros.

Kaziranga eez one of the last strongholds of the Wild Water Buffalo

Barasingha

Hog deer

Binding Eagle

Asian Elephants