Kewa Pueblo, New Mexico

The Kewa Pueblo (also Kiuwa, pronounced ' KEE -wah ', English pronunciation:. ' Kay -Wa ', until 2009 known as Santo Domingo Pueblo ) are among the Pueblo peoples and speak Eastern Keres, considered Insulated language today. The name is the Spanish term for the St. Dominic, the founder of the Order of the Dominicans, as the Spaniards named their missions to saints of the Catholic Church. Many missions were again erected in germ cells of new Pueblo communities or adjacent to existing pueblos to missionary work among the Indians. In the archives Kewa Pueblo is first mentioned as Gipuy. The Pueblo is located in the southwestern United States on the Rio Grande in New Mexico, about 40 km southwest of Santa Fe.

History

Today's Kewa Pueblo dates from around 1700. A devastating flood in 1886 destroyed a large part of the pueblo and its church. It was soon rebuilt and a new church was erected in 1890, which still exists today. High water has always been a threat to the residents; at least three of their previous Pueblos and two Spanish missions are like the waters of the Rio Grande to the victim.

Juan de Oñate was looking Kewa Pueblo 1598 and met with the leaders of more than thirty pueblos. Whether they had fully understood that the Spaniards claimed their land, has not been recorded, but Onate was convinced that the gathering of the Crown and the Church had provided evidence of their loyalty.

The interpreter Alonza Catiti from Kewa Pueblo was one of the three leaders of the Pueblo Rebellion of 1680. The Pueblo was abandoned at that time and the people moved to La Cieneguilla in anticipation of a Spanish attack. In 1683, most of them returned.

The residents of Kewa Pueblo resisted the conquest by the Spaniards; they destroyed their Pueblo and allied themselves with the Jemez. Your village near Jemez two years later was destroyed by Diego de Vargas, and many of them went into captivity. Some were able to flee to the Hopi villages, and others who had remained with the rebels in La Cieneguilla, pulled together with Cochiti refugees into the country of Acoma, where they built the new Laguna Pueblo.

Kewa Pueblo was later repopulated by de Vargas prisoners and returnees from the Hopi country. There were also a number Tano speaking Indians from the Galisteo Basin, who had fled from the Comanches.

Life and culture

As far as possible the Indians pursued a policy of passive resistance against the Spaniards. Native ceremonies were further held secretly against the wishes of the Catholic Church. Its current defense against people who are curious about their ancient rituals, probably dates from this period.

Kewa Pueblo is known for a long time as the most conservative of all the pueblos and you did nothing until today to get rid of this item. The people are friendly but confident. The family one is to a large extent agree on governmental and religious affairs, even though the external pressure for change is great. Electricity, pipelines and other modern achievements can be clearly seen in the pueblo, but the residents resist any temptation that would change their way of life. But some time ago they have expressed a desire for better education for their children.

The economy of the Pueblos is based on farm labor for their own use, livestock, wage labor and fire fighting. The local resources will soon no longer be sufficient to meet the needs of the growing population.

Many residents earn their living by manual labor. They make pottery and silver jewelry, but the most famous is the jewelry made ​​of shells and turquoise. These necklaces ( mistakenly called wampum ) are very popular with Indians from other tribes; thus the inhabitants of the Kewa Pueblo were traveling merchants. As early as 1850 they were known as a merchant with tribes in Oklahoma. It is not uncommon to encounter these Indians in distant cities, where they sell their goods.

The U.S. census of 2000 showed 4,282, including 2,300 permanent inhabitants, in which around 268 km ² large reserve.

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