Kherson
Kherson (Ukrainian and Russian Херсон ) is a seaport city in Ukraine. It is the capital of Kherson Oblast. The name Kherson is derived from the Greek word Chersonesos ( " Peninsula " ), designated by the Greeks, inter alia, the Crimea.
Geography
Kherson is located at the beginning of the estuary of the Dnieper River (Ukrainian Dnipro). To the Black Sea, there are still around 30 km. 60 km north- west of the city lies the port of Mykolaiv, about 100 km south-east begins the Crimea.
The city is divided into 3 Stadtrajone ( Dnipro Raion, Rajon Komsomolsk, Rajon Suvorov ), 4 urban-type settlements ( Antoniwka ( Антонівка ) Seleniwka ( Зеленівка ) Komyschany ( Комишани ) Naddniprjanske ( Наддніпрянське ) ), 3 villages ( Bohdaniwka ( Богданівка ), Petriwka ( Петрівка ) Stepaniwka ( Степанівка ) ) and 6 settlements ( Schowtnewe ( Жовтневе ) Kujbyschewe ( Куйбишеве ) Molodischne ( Молодіжне ) Petrowskoho ( Петровського ) Pryoserne ( Приозерне ) Sonjatschne ( Сонячне ) ). In a further subdivision of the SST Antoniwka, Seleniwka and Naddniprjanske, the villages Bohdaniwka and Petriwka and settlements Schowtnewe, Molodischne and Sonjatschne are the Rajon Dnipro assumed that SST Komyschany and settlements Kujbyschewe, Petrowskoho and Pryoserne the Rajon Komsomolsk and the village Stepaniwka the Rajon Suvorov.
History
Until 1774, the region belonged to the Khanate of the Crimean Tatars. The city of Kherson was founded in 1778 on the instruction of Russian Empress Catherine II and at the suggestion of Prince Grigory Potemkin A. addition to the 1737-1739 Russian -built fortification Alexanderschanze. The system of streets, squares and buildings took the form of a regular chessboard. Kherson was for many years an important base of the Russian Black Sea Fleet. This status, the city lost only after the Ukrainian independence.
Kherson is one of the cities in which the OSCE on March 21, 2014 sent observers in connection with the Krimkrise.
Population
76.5 percent (as of 2001) of the population are Ukrainians, use of which 28.2 percent of Russian as a native language. The Russians make up 19.9 percent of the population. In addition, a small group Tatars living in Kherson.
Economy
Kherson has by its river port and seaport a significant shipbuilding industry. The railway junction connects Kherson with Moscow, Dnepropetrovsk, Kharkov, Simferopol and other cities.
Near the city in 1943 "the greatest railway bridge war of World War 2 " by German railway pioneers was built. She was 2 km long, the water depth was 14 meters, the height above the water is 10 meters. For the support of 400 steel tubes were driven up to 17 meters into the muddy ground. The construction lasted seven months and was performed by the enhanced I./Eisb.Pi.Rgt.2.
Attractions
Here are remains of the first fortifications to call, moreover, museums and three major church buildings: St. Catherine's Cathedral (1774 ), the Church of St. Sophia (1780 ), and the Holy Ghost Cathedral with a large dome (1836 ).
Twinning
- Kent (Connecticut ), United States of America
- Oslo, Norway
- Rzeszow, Poland
- Shumen, Bulgaria
- Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Ugoschtschina, district of Sarajevo,
- Zonguldak, Turkey
Sons and daughters of the town
- Yakov Skomorowski (1889-1955), jazz trumpeter and bandleader
- Moshe Scharet (1894-1965), Israeli politician
- Vladimir Orlov (1895-1938), Military
- Yefim Golyscheff (1897-1970), composer and painter
- Mircea Ionescu - Quintus ( * 1917 ), Romanian liberal politician and Minister of Justice (1991 /92)
- Larissa Latynina ( born 1934 ), gymnast and a total of 18 medals most successful Olympian of all time
- Sergei Stanishev (born 1966 ), Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 2005 to 2009
- Inna Yanovskaya ( b. 1976 ), chess player
- Inna Shevchenko (* 1990), an activist of FEMEN