Khujand

Khujand is the second largest city in Tajikistan. In the Tajik city Хуҷанд / Khujand or خجند means. The English spelling is Khujand. Until 1939 the town was named Ходжент / Chodschent, 1939-1992 Ленинобод / Leninobod (Russian Ленинабад / Leninabad ). The oldest name of the city is Alexandria Eschate ( " the farthest Alexandria "). Khujand is located on the Syr Darya in Fergana Valley and has approximately 145,000 inhabitants.

History

The town was founded by Alexander the Great in May 329 BC. Khujand is about 2500 years old. The city has long been an important trade center along the Silk Road. The city went through an eventful history of belonging. For a long time part of the Persian Empire, was sacked in the 8th century by the Arabs and completely destroyed in the 13th century by the Mongols.

Mid-19th century fell to the Russia region, as this took from 1866, large parts of Central Asia. As part of the reorganization of the Russian state towards the USSR in 1924, the city fell to the first of Uzbekistan. Khujand in 1929 became part of the Tajik SSR.

From the 1940s to the 1990s the north of Tajikistan to Khujand was one of the major centers of the Soviet uranium mining and processing. The consequences can be seen today in a threat to the population and the environment by radioactive substances in the environment of the old locations

Today, the city is primarily a center of textile production, this stands out especially the silk industry.

In the 1950s, the Kairakkum Reservoir was built in Khujand.

During the Soviet era were in Khujand ( Leninabad ) two corrective labor camp ( Gulag ). The ITL of the Combine NR. 6 was from February 1945 to September 1946. In stock up to 2,300 people were detained, which were used during construction and subsequent operation of the combine for uranium mining and processing. The ITL of BAUS 665 was from December 1947 to April 1953. Maximum passenger number was 7,200 persons were employed in the civil, housing and road construction as well as for the nuclear industry.

The 1999 released film Luna Papa was filmed largely in and around Khujand. Among other things, the village where the action begins, built especially for the film south of the reservoir. It was also filmed a few miles outside the city in the center and Arbob Palace.

Sons and daughters of the town

  • Elisabeth Hübert (* 1987), German musical actress
  • Alexander Huber ( born 1985 ), German football player
  • Dschachan Kurbanov, Tajik boxer
  • Oqil Oqilow ( born 1944 ), Prime Minister of Tajikistan
  • Henri Weber ( born 1944 ), French politician
  • Andreas Wolf ( * 1982 ), German football player
  • Dmitri Masljukow (1937-2010), Russian politician
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