Kiddush

As Kiddush (Hebrew קידוש of kadosh, holy, German literally means " sanctification ", sometimes " blessing " ), the blessing is called over a cup of wine with which the Shabbat and Jewish holidays are initiated. The Kiddush is derived from the second book of Moses LUT 20.8: " Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy ."

In addition, there is the concept Kiddush Hashem, the " sanctification of the Name ( of God) ".

Kiddush on Shabbat and holidays

The Kiddush on Shabbat and the holidays is usually spoken at home by the male head of the family immediately before the meal - but women are obliged to make Kiddush. The Kiddush is spoken about wine (or another country standard drink) and then usually on the Sabbath loaves ( Challoth ). Ashkenazi Jews speak on Friday evening in the synagogue a Kiddush, which goes back to the fact that earlier transients used to eat in the synagogues.

Derived from this is a snack that is usually offered in the Ashkenazi Jewish community on Shabbat, sometimes even on holidays, after the morning service of community members on special occasions, called Kiddush. In some communities it is now an integral part of community life and is financed by the municipality.

Kiddush Hashem

As a Kiddush Hashem, sanctification of the Name ( of God), adherence to the Jewish faith by martyrdom, prayer and life is called. The opposite of Kiddush Hashem is the Chillul Hashem, the desecration of the name ( of God).