Kiranti languages

The Kiranti languages ​​form a sub- unit of the Mahakiranti languages ​​belonging to the Tibeto-Burman languages ​​, a primary branch of the Sino Tibetan. The 30 Kiranti languages ​​are spoken by 600,000 people in Nepal south of Mount Everest, a few thousand speakers is also available in Bhutan and Northeast India. The largest single language is the Limbu with 350,000 speakers. The Kiranti divided into Limbu, Ostkiranti, Zentralkiranti and Westkiranti. Was a common proto- language, Proto - Kiranti For the Kiranti languages ​​, be reconstructed. Within the Mahakiranti the Kiranti is related to the Newari and Magar - Chepang Thangmi.

  • 4.1 Kiranti languages ​​in the World Atlas of Language Structures Online

Kiranti within the Sino Tibetan

  • Sino-Tibetan Tibetobirmanisch Mahakiranti Kiranti
  • Newari Thangmi
  • Magar - Chepang

Internal classification and numbers of speakers

  • Kiranti Limbu ( Yakthungba ) ( 350 thousand) dialects: East: Panchthare, Tamarkhole; West: Phedappe, chattare
  • Ostkiranti Lohorung - Yamphu: Lohorung ( Lohorong ) (15 thousand), Yamphu (5 thousand), Mewahang ( Meohang ) (5 thousand)
  • Yakkha: Yakkha (15 thousand), Lumba (1 thousand), manure Mali ( 5 thousand), Phangduwali almost †
  • Athpare: Athpare ( Athpariya ) (1 thousand), Chiling ( Chulung ) (1 thousand), Belhare ( Belhariya ) (1 thousand), Chintang (5-6 thousand)
  • North Kulung (15 thousand) Dialects: Kulung, Sottoring, Chukwa
  • Nachiring (2 thousand), Sampang (5 thousand), Sam ( Saam ) almost †, Koi ( Kohi ) ( 2.5 thousand ), Chukwa (100 )
  • Chamling ( Camling, Rodong ) (15 thousand), Puma (4-10 thousand)
  • Bantawa (35 thousand) Dialects: Dilpali, Hangkhim, Rungchengbum, Dhankuta, West Bantawa, Amchoke, Yangma
  • Thulung - Khaling: Thulung (25 thousand), Khaling (15 thousand), Dumi (2 thousand)
  • Umbule - Jerung: Umbule ( Ombule ) (5 thousand) Dialects: Hilepani, Reclassifi, Udaypure, Jhappali Jerung ( Jero ) (2 thousand), Tilung (300)
  • Hayu - Baying: Bahing (10 thousand), Sunwar (30 thousand), Hayu ( Vayu, Wayu ) ( 1.7 thousand)
  • Hash ( harka Gurung, Khamchi ) ( 500)

Classification according to van Driem 2001, numbers of speakers according to Ethnologue 2005.

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