Kitchen garden#Herb garden

Herb Garden is a garden or part of the garden, which was specially created for culinary herbs, aromatic herbs or medicinal herbs. Even the term " herb" is nonspecific and eludes a precise definition. He does not coincide with the botanical definition of herbaceous plants. Most herb garden plants are perennials and shrubs or dwarf, they often come, but not necessarily from the Mediterranean and are often fragrant. But annual plants such as dill, borage and savory are designated from the herbs.

Since the required amounts were small, were the most spice, medicinal and aromatic plants in gardens, not grown on fields. There are exceptions, however, such as the saffron.

History

Information about the age of this garden type can make just as hard. Assertions such as " ... some of the oldest gardens were herb gardens " are common, but almost never provided with supporting documents. Many of today's herbs are Archaeophytes, but they may also have been introduced since Neolithic times unintentionally, with other seeds.

For the herb garden of the Babylonian king Marduk - apla - iddina II (reigned 721-710 and 703 BC) is get a list of species: Most plant names can not be translated, but it contained dill, cilantro, leeks, onions, garlic, watercress, onions, shallots, purslane, beetroot (?), mint (?), oregano, thyme, arugula, common rue (?), beets, cucumbers, fennel, Greek hay and a tamarisk, which is a mixture of vegetable and spice plants.

Since the Iron Age, the Roman period is increased to occupy in Central and Western Europe, an import of herbs for culinary purposes. Some of them were also grown locally. In Longeuil -Sainte -Marie in France a large containment was excavated, which was divided into small patches, which might served as garden beds. A burnt pumpkin rest draws attention to the cultivated plants. Savory, dill, fennel, coriander, Majoram and celery were also grown after the withdrawal of the Roman troops.

Many medieval monastery gardens were especially herb gardens, the border to the pharmacy garden is fluid. Also the Capitulare de vel curtis imperii villis of Charlemagne contains mainly herbs. The Liber de cultura hortorum of Walahfrid Strabo in 444 hexameters is another important source of the structure of medieval herb gardens. The St. Gall Monastery Plan from the early 9th century, also contains a herb garden. Abandoned herb gardens can sometimes prove by relict plants, as the example of Kells Priory, Co. Kilkenny in Ireland occupied. However, herbs could be grown from symbolic or sentimental reasons, like the garden of Sir Thomas More in London shows. Rosemary symbolized here in remembrance and friendship.

In modern herbal gardens are often planted primarily because of their scent. Plants such as chives or fennel are used purely as ornamentals. In his Daily Telegraph garden at the Chelsea Flower Show 2011 used Cleve West also thriving parsley as a decorative element, which is now being imitated, for example, in Dixter. Today herb gardens are often created for ornamental purposes in the form of an herb spiral. Herb gardens as part of ornamental gardens came in the early 1980s in fashion. The nursery Hollington exhibited at the Chelsea Flower Show from a herb garden and won a silver medal, gold medals followed. There are now color varieties of traditional herbs grown for ornamental purposes, especially of sage and thyme, but also weißblütiger Borrage and chives. Also flammierte melissa and meadowsweet and red orache ( Atriplex hortensis var rubra) are popular.

Historical and reconstructed historical herb gardens

Original herb gardens of the Middle Ages or the early modern period have not survived. However, there are a number of gardens that either try to recreate something historical herb gardens ( or plans thereof) or to present plants that were known at a particular time or in use.

Germany

  • "Herbal Garden of Charlemagne " behind the Gothic town hall in Aachen with 50 herbs from the Capitulare, built in 1965
  • Replica of the Hortulus Walahfrid Strabo in the Institute of Vegetable TU Berlin by K.-S. Seipoldy.
  • Pharmacist garden in Lorch Monastery
  • Garden after capitulare de villis in the Archaeological Open Air Museum Oerlinghausen

Switzerland

  • Gessner garden Old Botanical Garden Zurich

Great Britain

New plants

  • Herb Garden Bath Mühllacken
  • Herb garden Oppelhain
  • Herb garden in Sissinghurst Castle, Kent, said to be the most species-rich plant in England
Tamarix County Kilkenny Conrad Gessner
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