Knau

Knauer is a municipality in the Thuringian Saale- Orla-Kreis and belongs to the administrative community lakes.

Geography

Knauer and his district poses are in the Thuringian Slate Mountains in the west of the area of Plothener ponds. By Knauer flows the Dreba. Just off the resort the poses mill located on this creek.

Geology

The trough-like plateau of the East Thuringian Slate Mountains between Knauer and Plothen and the climate with rainfall amounts were a prerequisite for the created lakes landscape. But the bottom of the slate soil, with its high proportion of fine soil and the high humus content was decisive for the development of agriculture.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring municipalities are (from north clockwise): Weira, Dreba, Volkmannsdorf, Bucharest, Schoendorf, Keila, Peuschen, Grobengereuth, Oberoppurg and Quaschwitz.

History

The village was first mentioned in 1374 as Knauwe villa as a cloister of the Benedictine Abbey at Saalfeld documented. In all probability, the origins of the village date back further. Archaeological investigations near the medieval tower house of the manor Knauer was found shards from the 12th century. It is likely that the cultivation of the former swampland of the farmyard of Saalfeld monastery went out. The place belonged to a part of the dominions of the House of Wettin, from 1485 to the Ernestine line 1567 pledged to the Albertine line and remained there from 1660 to 1815. According to the Congress of Vienna the New Town district in 1816 to Prussia. The majority - including Knauer - was left to the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar in the same year and was from 1850 to V. County with headquarters in Neustadt an der Orla. In 1918 the area to the Free State of Saxony- Weimar, Thuringia in 1920. With the local government reform in 1922, the Neustadt district was dissolved, and Knauer ordered to the county Schleiz to. Due to the administrative and territorial reform of the GDR, the place came in 1952 as the new county of the district Pössneck Gera. After the founding of the Free State of Thuringia ( 1990), these communities were in 1994 in the larger Saale- Orla-Kreis, based in Schleiz one.

Inseparable the story of Knauer is linked with that of the manor whose owner always guided the fortunes of the place and the jurisdiction exercised: the manor Knauer, who came into the possession of Esaias von Brandenstein 1602 included among others Plothen, Neudeck, Bucharest, Dreba, Schoendorf and Volkmannsdorf. This had the castle in Knauer and the church rebuild. So there was a 1608 connected to the manor Renaissance castle in Knauer, with a unique ship Kehl ceiling. The magnificent facade was in " rehabilitation work " mid-1950s greatly simplified, as it presents itself today.

Owner of the goods were:

• Duchess Maria Amalia: 1703
• Anna Sophie von Einsiedel: 1725
• Eajus Rudolf Haubold von Einsiedel: 1730
• Johann Georg von Einsiedel: 1743
• Family Schmatz: 1871
• Schneider family ( last Herbert Schneider): from 1871 to 1945

1923 Paul Schneider managed the estate with 915 acres Knauer economic area.

In April 1945 a prisoner of forced march led through the village. Probably ten forced laborers of SS men were shot and buried in the cemetery. A stone cross commemorates this event. Shortly after Knauer was occupied by the American army and the beginning of July - how throughout Thuringia - handed on the Red Army.

The manor was expropriated without compensation by the 1945 land reform and used one year as a base for the Red Army. The last landowner, Herbert Schneider, was abducted by Soviet soldiers and shot at an unknown location. His mother, Minna Schneider died shortly afterwards.

1946, the former manor called himself now state property, Thuringian Landesgut 1947 and from 1949 People's Own Good ( VEG), in whose stables were up to 1990 pigs and cattle. From 1946 to 1951 was in the mansion the Thuringian Teaching and Experimental Farm for Pig farming Knauer. Then there was 1952, the Research Centre for Animal Husbandry Knauer, from 1962, the Institute of Animal Husbandry Knauer of the German Academy of Agricultural Sciences ( DAL) to Berlin. 1964 this Knauer facility was closed and the estate from 1965 to 1968 a department of the VEG animal breeding Ludwigshof b. Ranis. After that you ordered the field of the Common Economic Department of Plant Production ( CAP), later co-operatives Department of Plant Production ( KAP) and finally agricultural cooperative plant production ( LPG P) " Ernst Thalmann, " Knauer to with who were responsible for this area. The well-known noble pig breeding herd of goods Knauer was, however, until about 1976, a department of the cooperation group (KOG ) " Orlatal " based in Oppurg, and then took over the already existing LPG animal production " Klaus reason " Knauer, who already operated a sow facility in the district of Posen, and until 1990 existed, the estate with his livestock. From 1953 to 1991 there were still the newly erected mast Testing Institute for pigs Knauer on the southern edge of the village. The facility was subject to 1964 the DAL, then the combination of state- owned enterprises ( VVB ) Animal breeding Paretz and was responsible for Thuringian pig herd book farms.

Until 1991, was located near Knauer ( Knauer and between Weira ) also the second largest pig breeding and fattening Combine ( SZMK ) of the GDR with 180,000 pigs. By not environmentally friendly disposal of sewage and other waste materials a massive environmental damage to air, soil and water arose. The Rev. Peter Taeger founded an environmental circle and gave out a magazine suffering plank. In the fall of 1989, a citizens' initiative organized demonstrations with thousands of participants against the SZMK. After the end of the GDR, the pig has been set in this company in 1991.

The state-owned asset share of the estate Knauer came in 1990 in the administration of the trust establishment. 1992 a large fire destroyed a third of the historic structure of the material. Thus the unity of the entire plant was destroyed. Approximately 10 acres with farm yard and park acquired 1999, the municipality Knauer. She could already in 2003 after modification release the " citizens' meeting center " of the community for public use. Currently there are efforts of the Sponsorship manor Knauer eV to save the former castle, by organizing and implemented practical steps for conservation practice refurbishment of the ensemble.

Rural areas of the former LPG plant production Knauer were merged with the animal production again and continue to order through several villages. As the successor operation AgroFarm Knauer e. G. was born It operates on 1,800 acres of an extensive crop production, rearing and fattening of pigs in direct marketing and the breeding of dairy cows and suckler cows.

Pictures from the Manor

Mansion back of the Renaissance part ( 2012)

House Back ( 2012)

Mansion Good Church (2012 )

Population Development

Development of the population (each 31 December):

• 2002: 762
• 2003: 726
• 2004: 725
• 2005: 724

• 2006: 718
• 2007: 707
• 2008: 689
• 2009: 679

Personalities

• Esaias von Brandenstein (* 1567 in Oppurg, † 1623 in Knauer ), jurist, Chancellor, Oberhof judge, diplomat, landowner, builder of the castle and church in Knauer
• Wilhelm Börner (* 1788 in Knauer, † 1855 in Mosen ), deacon in Ranis, teachers and say researchers
• Hugo Michel ( * 1872 in Knauer, † 1944 in Weimar), collectors, stamp dealers and editor of Michel stamp catalog

Economy and Transport

Fishing and agriculture characterized and characterize the town and the countryside. The place is connected via the state road 2350 to the road network. End of the 19th century, the city was a station on the railway line Triptis - Blankenstein. The train service was discontinued in 1998, 2005, the track shut down.