Kneiphof

Kneiphof (Russian Кнайпхоф ) was the name for one of the three cities of Königsberg on the river of the same island in the Pregel. In 1785, belonged to this district, the front and rear suburb and the Old or dry garden on the Haberberg, the Wet Garden and the festivals Friedrichsburg.

Name

The name derives from the Old Prussian word " knypabe " ( pinching - abe, ape = river ) and means to be bathed, are flooded. The Cathedral Island was enclosed by the two Pregelarmen North of the "new Pregel " ( Lipza ) and south of the "Old Pregel " ( Natangischer Pregel ). So the Kneiphöf'sche area began at the " Litthauischen tree " in the east and ended on " Dutchman Tree " in the West.

History

In the earliest times the marshy island also Pregormunde, Pregelmünde or Vogt Werder was called. The building is said to have begun in 1324 with the investment of Long Street, the Krämer bridge and the Green Bridge. Since 1327 the island is privileged as a city. 1332 was laid by the Grand Master of Brunswick Luderus the cathedral chapter ( Old Cathedral ) from the old to the Kneiphof. For Kneiphof included the front and rear suburb and Haberberg. As long as only two bridges linking the Cathedral Island with the other urban areas, proliferated in the suburbs, the memory and taverns. Two bears are holders of Kneiphöf'schen Stadtwappens. Between two hunting horns in the green field a crown is held aloft by a hand with blue sleeve in the white box.

From 1255 to 1724 the Kneiphof was a separate, marked by wholesale city with its own city council. At the end of the 19th century Kneiphof was densely built. At just under 10 acre island were located next to the Königsberg Cathedral the tomb of Immanuel Kant, university buildings, and many other old town buildings. Because of the swampy soil had to be rammed into the ground before building a large number of oak piles. The island was connected by five bridges with the mainland. These bridges, along with two other bridges over the Pregel formed the famous Königsberg bridge problem.

After the bombing of Königsberg by the Royal Air Force in August 1944, almost all buildings were destroyed. Only the Königsberg Cathedral and the square tomb remained heavily damaged.

From 1945 to 1953, the island was used as a kind of quarry. Ruins and only slightly damaged houses were dismantled, stones and bricks used for the reconstruction of Leningrad. However, the Cathedral ruins remained standing, especially because next to Immanuel Kant was buried, which was also seen in the Soviet Union as the forerunners of the Enlightenment. In the seventies the Kaliningrad city administration on the island was to create a " Dendropark " and a sculpture park: the foundation remains one layer earth was piled up, roads were created, planted grass and trees. On the lawns since standing sculptures from the Museum reserves and purchased especially for sculptures.

In the early 1990s, when Kaliningrad was accessible, even for foreign tourists, decided the mayor Vitaly Shipov to make Kaliningrad a festival city. The former Kneiphof, which was now called Kant island, proved to be a good place for the implementation of such festivals: it is far from the modern center of the city, but is also relatively isolated and spacious.

The Königsberg Cathedral is being renovated since 1992, external works are completed, currently still working on the run completely lost interiors. Already in 2007, the plan was also a faithful reconstruction of the Kneiphof district, and the old town as a whole, known, does not mind taking more and more shape.

Religious buildings

In 1785 part of the Kneiphof:

Königsberg Cathedral
Haberberger Trinity Church
St. George's Hospital
The Church in the penitentiary
The Vestungskirche in the Veste Friedrichsburg
The Betshaus the Mennonites
The synagogue

Model of island

In 1993, the two Kaliningrad artist Valery and Olga Dmitrieva Morosko were invited and asked to create a model of the island, which was to simulate the development of the island before the bombings in August 1944 by the foundation " Königsberg " to Duisburg. After half a year of work, the simulation was done. In August 1994, at the opening of the exhibition on the 450 - year anniversary of the Albertus University, the mayor of Duisburg gave the model the History and Art Museum of Kaliningrad. The model can be seen there today.

Description of Kneip Court's Konigsberg time

To the west, both Pregelarme reunited and flows into the Vistula Lagoon and thus in the Baltic Sea. The port of Königsberg thus made the connection between inland navigation and maritime ago. To the Kneiphof around was the old port of the city. The Hundegatt with the Lastadie in the west of the island was the ancient seaport. In the north between Krämer bridge and forge Bridge was the Lower fish market. Here the fishermen offered their fish catch from the Vistula Lagoon hawks against the backdrop of commercial, office and residential buildings. The deep sea fishing were wooden vats reserved. The fish women praised the smoked eel and smoked flounder in wooden boxes mostly on the Lower Fish Market, ( forged between bridge and High Bridge ). Still living freshwater fish such as pike, walleye, perch floundered in wooden tubs. In the numerous pubs as in the famous spot cellars there were the specialty of the city to buy the strong sour tripe soup Konigsberg spot. Vegetables and agricultural products were offered at the northern and southern part of the Kneip court. Here the squire garden should be mentioned that stretched between Köttelbrücke and honey bridge. The Kneiphof was a river island that was both inland and seaport of the city of Königsberg. At this bustling island, the variety of ships and barges landed on land and also all kinds of vehicles they drove on. Therefore, all Kneiphofbrücken were built as a bascule bridges.

Pictures

The Kneiphöfsche Long Street

The Kneiphöfsche City Hall in the Brodbänkengasse

The squire garden was a fruit and vegetable market on the Kneiphof

The old university on the Kneiphof

Kneiphofbrücken

The five Kneiphofbrücken are:

Green Bridge (Königsberg )
Merchants' Bridge (Königsberg )
Wrought bridge (Königsberg )
Köttelbrücke
Honey Bridge (Königsberg )

Nasser Garten Haberberg Church

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