Knoppix

Knoppix is ​​a free GNU / Linux distribution, which focus on the live operation. It is developed by Klaus Knopper, whose name in the designation of Knoppix is derived. Knoppix is now and again with computer magazines and is based on a mixture of Debian unstable and testing. It was supported and distributed by the German Federal Office for Security in Information Technology.

History

Knoppix was the first live CD distribution, which gained a lot of popularity.

In version 5.2, which was unveiled at CeBIT 2007, the 3D window manager Beryl and various virtualization solutions are integrated for the first time.

At CeBIT 2008 for the first time Version 5.3 includes Adriane audio desktop, a voice - supported desktop system that is primarily aimed at blind users.

Version 6.0 has been completely rewritten, she got a new boot system and is resource saving a lot. The software selection has changed, so instead of KDE now comes LXDE as default desktop environment and used. In August 2011, Knoppix 6.7 is released, the 6.0.0 aka Squeeze is based on Debian and is the biggest update of the inventory package for two years. The jump to version 7.x in 2012 founded Klaus Knopper, inter alia with a complete conversion of the boot system and the system changes from a pure 8 -bit ISO Encoding to UTF -8. As of version 7.01 came as another novelty, add the " zram RAM compression ".

Basic principle of Knoppix

The basic principle of a live system is initially the total absence of an installation; the required components of the system are instead loaded into memory. Thus, in addition to the conventional use, for example, have to be tested and whether the existing hardware is compatible to different Linux kernel version. Other special areas of application are emergency and diagnostic work on the computer, such as in the case of a virus infection or a hardware defect. Also general security aspects can play a role, as an operating system, which is started by a non - writable media from, can be compromised at most for the duration of a session ( ie is restored back to its original on next startup).

Knoppix performs a detailed hardware detection, which also includes Braille devices. A possibly installed on the hard disk operating system remains untouched by default, but Knoppix can be installed conventionally. It is also possible, in live operation define a swap partition on a writable disk. If sufficient memory is available, the system can also be stored completely in what particularly fast response times possible. Furthermore, Knoppix can also copy completely on a USB stick, so this is used instead of the CD. The release 3.8 supported overlay filesystem unionfs has been replaced with version 5.1.0 due to problems with the derivative " on " (Another unionfs ). Thus, the read-only contents of the CD can be mixed with the current system and thus changed or expanded. Thus, the installation of additional software on the live system, for example.

Components

Ingredients include the following:

  • Debian distribution
  • Linux kernel ( latest stable version at the time of publication)
  • LXDE ( working environment )
  • Compiz ( window manager )
  • Iceweasel, in the DVD version also Chromium
  • Gnome MPlayer ( audio player )
  • GIMP ( image editing program )
  • OpenOffice.org or LibreOffice from Knoppix 6.4 ( Office)
  • Tor ( network)

The installation package also over 200 other programs are available.

Derivatives

Knoppix offers itself by its good hardware detection and the modular construction in newer versions for generating further derivatives and distributions. Knoppix derivatives are usually live CDs:

  • Berry Linux - a Japanese distribution, Knoppix with Fedora combined
  • Damn Small Linux - only 50 MB, bootable from CD, USB, HDD, ...; also to obtain embedded
  • Dreamlinux - combines capabilities of Knoppix, Morphix, kanotix for LiveCD and multimedia production
  • Grml - originally based on Knoppix; contains a selected collection of GNU / Linux software for system administrators and friends of the command line
  • Kanotix - contains Knoppix technology, based initially but purely on Debian Sid, since 2007 on Debian stable, thereby improving especially the hard disk installation and automatic program update ( " dist-upgrade "). In addition to the 32- bit version, there is a 64- bit version; so you can use more than 4GB of memory
  • Desinfec't (formerly Knoppicillin ) - was found by early 2010 regularly on the cover CD of c't, was added to the virus-scanning capabilities and reduced to text mode
  • LAMPPIX - to look on the CD saved web pages
  • Morphix - first modular Knoppix - based distribution for generating live CDs
  • Oralux - for the visually impaired
  • TYPO3 -Live - fully runnable CMS TYPO3
  • Kademar - Live CD with KDE as desktop environment with its own configuration tool called CADI
  • LiNbO - PXE boot loader for Linux paedML

Versions

* Not available as a download

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