Koloneia (theme)

The theme of Koloneia (Greek θέμα Κολωνείας ) was a Byzantine theme in the northern and southern Cappadocia Pontus ( modern Turkey ). It was founded in the 9th century and lasted until it was conquered by the Seljuk Turks following the Battle of Manzikert.

History

Originally part of the Armeniakon, the topic was (now Şebinkarahisar ) set up around the city on the river Lycus Koloneia. The theme is the first time 863 has probably existed earlier as stand-alone unit: al- Masudi reported that the topic was first a Kleisoura. Also, mentioned the work life of the 42 Martyrs of Amorion that Emperor Theophilus (reigned 829-842 ) 842 a certain Spatharios Kallistos made ​​to Doux of Koloneia what makes this date the probable founding year of the topic.

Koloneias retracted position it saved them from the worst Arab attacks, except a larger raid by Sayf al - Dawla in 939 / 940. In 1057 the soldiers of the topic supported under the leadership of Katakalon Kekaumenos the rebellion of Isaac I Komnenos. In 1069 the theme of the rebellious Norman mercenaries Robert Crispin was occupied. After the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 it fell to the Seljuks quickly into the hands.

Location

In the work De Thematibus of Emperor Constantine VII (reigned 913-959 ) outlines this the area of the theme as between Koloneia and Neocaesarea in the east, Arabraka, the mountain Phalakros ( today Karaçam Dagi ), Nicopolis and Tephrike. It also included 16 forts. Porphyrogenitus mentions that his father Leo VI. (reigned 886-912 ) of the Turma Kamacha the subject Koloneia seceded to (along with Keltzene ) to form the new theme Mesopotamia.

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