Kolyvan, Novosibirsk Oblast

Kolyvan (Russian Колывань ) is an urban-type settlement in the Novosibirsk Oblast (Russia) with 11,842 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).

Geography

The settlement is situated about 40 kilometers north of the Oblasthauptstadt Novosibirsk on the left, the high bank of the river Chows ten kilometers above its confluence with the Ob. The Chows created a few kilometers above Kolyvan from the Tschik and his small left tributary Ojosch and flows along the western edge of here almost ten kilometer wide floodplain of the Ob.

Kolyvan is the administrative center of the homonymous Rajons Kolyvan.

History

1713 was on the left bank of the Chows, built a few miles below the present settlement, close to the Ob, a Ostrog, the ostrog the name Tschausski ( Chows Ostrog ) received. 1719 first wooden church was built. Until the mid- 18th century, the Siberian tract was built and passed through the village formed during Ostrog. Near the road crossed the river Ob; was ferried by boat. The town developed in this context, a significant local commercial center, while the Ostrog never had military significance as the border of the Russian Empire had already moved in this region far to the south.

Descriptions of the place from the 18th century are the Members of the German botanist and explorer Daniel Gottlieb Messerschmidt (1721 ) and the writer Alexander Radishchev, the ostrog the tract in 1790 on his way into exile in Ilimski ( above today Ust- Ilimsk in Eastern Siberia ) followed.

During the 18th century, the northern edge of the Altai Mountains and its entire northern foothills were - large parts of the present territory of Altai and Novosibirsk Oblast - called Oblast Kolyvan derived from Gornaja Kolyvan ( "Mountain Kolyvan " ), the name of the mining area to Smeinogorsk and the present village Kolyvan in the Altai region. Administrative center of this area was the Berdski ostrog ( Berd - Ostrog ) in the present-day city Berdsk. 1783, the administrative unit was renamed the province Kolyvan; its center Berdski ostrog with the resulting city around him at the same time in Kolyvan.

Already in 1796 the government was disbanded after the accession of Paul I again and the city Kolyvan inflated to Berd - Ostrog 1797. These two years are incorrectly stated in sources of the 20th century as a year of renaming the Chows - ostrogs or even the foundation of today's settlement Kolyvan, which therefore also in 1997 its 200th anniversary celebrated. In reality, however, this name was changed not at the same time, but only on July 22, 1822 as part of the reorganization of the Siberian provinces to provide " at least one city of the former oblast Kolyvan " this name, like the Prince Kostrow, Secretary of the statistical committee of the government Tomsk, wrote. The renaming was with the awarding of municipal law as saschtatny gorod ( " administrative -level city ", here, so do not Ujesd or Okrug administration was ) connected in the existence of the okrugs Tomsk province of the same name.

The mid- 1820s it was decided to move the city to the site of the present town. 1834 was a general development plan, however, was only started to be implemented in 1840. 1867, the first stone church was consecrated, the importance of place as a commercial and crafts center continued to grow, especially in the 1880s and the first half of the 1890s. Some small factories created for the processing of agricultural goods.

But when the Trans-Siberian railway was built in the late 19th century, they Kolyvan bypassed a few dozen kilometers south - in place of their Ob- crossing was Novonikolayevsk, today's metropolis of Novosibirsk, while Kolyvan as a result experienced a decline. 1917 Kolyvan was annexed to the newly created Ujesd Novonikolayevsk. In 1924 it became the administrative center of a newly created districts, but lost its city charter in 1925 and was henceforth regarded as a village again.

After the Second World War, the population grew again and stabilized at a level just below that of the end of the 19th century. 1964 was the place the status of an urban-type settlement.

Demographics

Note: 1897 from 1939 census data

Culture and sights

Kolyvan has largely preserved the character of a Siberian town of the 19th century. A larger number of buildings of this period still exists, both stone merchant houses in the center, as well as the surrounding wooden residential buildings.

Among the buildings, the most visible, 1887, completed Alexander Nevsky Church ( церковь Александра Невского / Tserkov Alexandra Nevskogo ) belongs. Following the closure ( 1934-1946 and since 1962) and damage, such as the removal of the domes in 1968 in the Soviet period it was restored and re-consecrated by Patriarch Alexius II in 1991. In 1992, at the church a convent, which now houses 25 nuns live; one of two convents of the Russian Orthodox Eparchy of Novosibirsk.

The settlement has since 1976 a local museum.

Economy and infrastructure

Kolyvan is the center of an agricultural area with various factories for processing agricultural products.

The settlement is connected to Novosibirsk with a road through the pine and birch forest massif Kudraschowski boron, then at some distance to the left - bank Whether further follows in the neighboring Tomsk Oblast in the north to over Kolpashevo.