Kornati

43.78333333333315.333333333333Koordinaten: 43 ° 47 ' N, 15 ° 20' O

The Kornati islands, or simply Kornati (Croatian Kornatski otoci and Kornati ) are the largest and densest archipelago in the Adriatic. They consist of 125-152 ( depending on the source ) islets and reefs. The karstified islands are covered only sparsely. The largest island in the Kornati islands called Kornati and gives the archipelago its name, the administrative seat of the territory is, however, on the island of Murter. Today, parts of the archipelago are protected by the National Park Kornati.

Geography

The archipelago extends along the Croatian coast between the cities of Zadar and Sibenik in the north to the south. In the northwest, the group is the island of Dugi Otok. To the east close to Pasman Vrgade and Murter. Further south is the Kornati, in the south -east Žirje. Around them are grouped numerous smaller islands. The Kornati consist of water-permeable and water-soluble limestone, which can seep into the precipitation equal, so that there are no sources or watercourses, only in some places occurs from the fresh water of rainfall from the karst and mixes with the salt water of the sea. In the barrenness of karstified there is almost no fauna, only barren, partly overgrown with grasses boulder fields. In some sinks on the landward side, protected by steep cliffs and reefs seaward directed to Earth residues. There are growing smaller trees and shrubs, and here are some settlements in sheltered bays. There also thrive cultivated olive trees, fig trees and vines, which are fed by rainwater collected in cisterns. The fishing grounds around the Kornati islands are among the richest fishing in the Adriatic Sea. The climate is characterized by long dry periods and irregular rainfall.

History

The Kornati Islands were settled in early antiquity by the Illyrians, on the Kornati islands were probably the tribes of Delmats and the Bishopric, which were known for their maritime art (see ship type Liburne ). Even today you can visit the remains of settlements and burial mounds from this period. The Delmats told to 175-170 BC, the kingdom of the Illyrian king Genthius going on, but were defeated 156 BC by the Romans and tributary until they were incorporated in the time of Augustus as a province Dalmatia the Roman Empire. The Kornati Islands were inhabited in Roman times, on the Kornati were found remains of Roman colonization, also was here an early Christian church. Until 1102, the Kornati islands were owned by the Eastern Roman Empire during the Migration Period settled on the coast and on the islands of the Slavic Croats and displaced the previous population. At this time it also came several times to raids by Saracens. In the Middle Ages, the Kornati islands were owned by the city of Zadar, in the 16th century were the Kornati islands to the Republic of Venice, the area was administered but further from Zadar. 1797, the islands were integrated together with the rest of Dalmatia in the Austria -Hungarian Empire. After the First World War, the Kornati islands were owned by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which from 1945 Yugoslavia emerged. During the Second World War was from 1941 to 1943, large parts of the coastal area including the cities of Split and Sibenik and the islands, occupied together with the Kornati islands of Italy. The southern part of the archipelago, namely 89 islands and rocks, along with the sea surrounding it were 1980 declared a national park Kornati, which comprises 220 km ² and its management is located on Murter.

Film

  • The national park Kornati in Croatia. Report, 2002, 43 min, written and directed by Cornelia people, Till Ludwig and Uwe Kassai, Production: MDR, first broadcast 10 February 2003 arte
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