Krubera Cave
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The Voronya Cave ( also Krubera Cave ) is a cave in Abkhazia, Georgia. The limestone cave is located in the Arabica Massif in the western Caucasus. With measured 2191 meters, it is the deepest known cave in the world.
The entrance to the cave is located at about 2250 meters above sea level. The cave winds its way through steep transitions, up to 115 m deep vertical shafts, underground waterfalls, lakes and siphons. It has several rooms and a large hall in 1710 meters depth. The waters are fed from different mountain springs.
The cave was discovered in 1960 by Georgian geologists. Until the early 1980s, she was explored only at 340 meters depth. Since August 1999 she is systematically explored. In January 2001, the Ukrainian Speleological Association cavers reached a depth of 1710 meters. A Cave Exploration Team ( CAVEX ) under the leadership of the Ukrainian Oleg Klimchouk rose in July 2005 first 2040 meters and in October of 2005 to 2164 meters deep down. It is believed that the cavity is still significantly lower. One ended in September 2007 expedition led by Alexander Klimtschuks enlarged the explored part of the cave to the depth of 2191 meters. Up to the surface of the Black Sea, 13 km away so still remain about 60 meters.
Chronology of Exploration
2001
In January 2001, the Ukrainian expedition explored the cave down to -1710 m. With the Voronya cave was now for the first time in the history of speleology a cave outside of Western Europe as the deepest in the world. In addition to the Ukrainian cavers took cavers from many countries such as France, Spain, Russia, Moldova, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Ireland, Israel and Lithuania participated in various expeditions of the Ukrainian Speleological Association.
2003
August: The Expedition of the " Kiev Speleological CAVEX Club" met with a siphon in -1440 m (now known as Siphon 1 ).
2004
July: CAVEX team began his own research on the Voronya Cave October: The Ukrainian expedition under the direction of Yuri Kasjan discovered a head start in a new section at -1790 m. She researched this section with the name " Windows " and came across a dead end in -2080 m. The depth of 2,000 m mark was exceeded for the first time in the history of speleology.
2005
July: CAVEX expedition team explored the section on Kwitotschka - siphons to another bay to -2140 m.
October: The Ukrainian expedition under the direction of Yuri Kasjan to explore the Kvitochka swamps was canceled due to a sudden flood. There is a warehouse in -1960 m was established.
2007
January: CAVEX expedition team took a dive in the area of " Dwa Kapitana " siphons and hoped to make it to 30 m depth below the water table. However, revealed features of the morphology of the underwater passage through which the team did not hindurchkam, back in the later investigation indicated that a depth of 16 m below the water table was reached.
2008
September: The expedition under the direction of Yuri Kasjan examined the Nekujbyschewskaja area at a depth of 1,390 m.
2009
August-September: The Expedition of Yuri Kasjan came up in the Nekujbyschewskaja area and bumped into a trap at a depth of 1557 m.