KrýsuvÃk
Krýsuvík is a hamlet of the same name and volcanic system on the Reykjanes peninsula in Iceland. It is in the south of the peninsula at the intersection 42 and 427 between the cities of Grindavik and Hafnarfjörður.
- 5.1 Photos and Videos
- 5.2 Scientific contributions
- 5.3 Other
The volcanic system Krýsuvík
North of the volcanic system and geothermal Krýsuvík is ( case also: Krísuvík ), which is also known by the name Trölladyngjavulkansystem located in allusion to the west of the Kleifarvatn central volcano, the shield volcano Trölladyngja. It is located in the south of the peninsula on the grave rupture zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which traverses Iceland diagonally.
High temperature areas
The high-temperature region near the hamlet Krýsuvík is called also Austurengjar. This is an active volcano. This can be seen on the solfataras of Seltún and another located near area with hot springs and to the solfataras on the mountain slopes of the Sveifluháls. At a depth of 1000m the temperature is already 200 ° C.
This makes it just seemed to make the high-temperature field of energy available. A hole was set in the 1990s and supplied the city with Hafnarfjörður energy. In 1999, the rig exploded, however, and since then the geothermal area is no longer used commercially.
However, the area is now developed for tourism something. Among the bubbling mud pots lead boardwalks. Furthermore, marked hiking trails lead to the mountain behind it, Sveifluháls, on whose slopes you can also see fumaroles. The trails lead to small lakes north of the high-temperature region.
Eruption history
Some smaller lakes also indicate volcanic origin, the Graenavatn, a water-filled Maar, which owes its bright color of the kieselguhr contained in the water. It is the largest of the eight water-filled explosion craters. He has 300 m in diameter and a depth of up to 34 m. The in the tephra deposits to be found xenoliths ( foreign rocks ) from Olivingabbro suggest that the explosions were triggered in greater depth of 2 to 3 km.
A larger series of eruptions in the volcanic system Krýsuvík took place in the years 1151-1188, the so-called Trölladyngja fire. The then resulting lava fields, inter alia, Ögmundarhraun and Kapelluhraun that extends to the present site Hafnarfjörður, covered 36 km ². Their origin they had in a column system, which extends over a length of 28 km.
Probably the last eruption in this volcanic system took place in 1340.
On the other hand, an explosion occurred in 1999 in a well, in which the hot Lehmfetzen were hurled up to 2 km through the air.
The lake Kleifarvatn
(see also Main article Kleifarvatn )
The largest lake in the area, of the high-temperature region adjacent Kleifarvatn, began after a severe earthquake in 2000 suddenly to shrink and partially into the ground. In the meantime (2009) he has but again quite filled. The columns under him have obviously closed. The lake is known for such operations.
The hamlet Krýsuvík
The farms were all cultivated in the 19th century, however, were uneconomic over time. The last farm was eventually abandoned in the 1950s. Listed are just a few ruins today.
Some of these ruins date back of a courtyard, which was destroyed during the outbreaks in the 12th century.
A small wooden church from 1857 was declared the Icelandic national heritage and standing under monument protection. It burned on the night of January 2, 2010 from completely.
A little off is a former school, a large building, which still points to the formerly dense population. Today at school a clinic for addicts is housed.
Bird rock Krýsuvíkurbjarg
On the south coast, not far from the village, is the cliff Krýsuvíkurbjarg, which is used by large colonies of birds to breed in the summer. Above all, gulls and puffins can be seen here.