Kstovo

Kstovo (Russian Кстово ) is a Russian city with 66 657 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ), and administrative center of the homonymous Rajons ( district ) in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast.

Geography

The village lies on the right bank of the Volga River, 29 kilometers south-east of the regional center of Nizhny Novgorod. The latter is also the nearest town; other neighboring cities are boron (23 km north of Kstovo located on the opposite bank of the Volga ) and Bogorodsk (42 miles west).

History

Kstovo was first mentioned in writing in the 14th century. Originally the village was called Kstoskaja ( Кстоская ), the origin of the name is thought of in this area at that time widespread Mordovian language.

From the 15th century the village was owned by the Nizhny Novgorod Pechersky Ascension Monastery until 1763 the Russian Orthodox monasteries of the Russian Empire were largely expropriated by the state. Thereafter, and until the abolition of serfdom in 1861 the village belonged to the family of industrialists Pashkov.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, the population was predominantly engaged in towing Kstowos of Volga ships, otherwise with agriculture and timber production. Even at the beginning of the 20th century the village had far less than 1000 inhabitants.

1929 Kstovo was Rajonzentrum in the course of municipal reform. Since there Forestry was built reinforced at that time, was the population Kstowos 1939 already about 2000 inhabitants.

When the Nowogorkowski oil refinery was built in the 1950s, was born in 1951 a completely new town away from the old village Kstovo. The old part is still largely intact. 1957 Kstovo was awarded city rights.

Demographics

Note: Census data

Economy and infrastructure

The Nowogorkowski oil refinery is still the main operating Kstowos and currently belongs to the oil company Lukoil. Other resident in Kstovo industrial enterprises are, inter alia, a thermal power station, a building materials factory farms and the food and the timber industry.

The city is situated on the M7 highway and has a railway connection.

Education and Sports

The most famous sports facility in Kstovo is the Academy of Sambo, including a large sports complex. This applies Kstovo as the center of this martial art. In the city is also home to the petroleum pilot plant, which specializes in the petrochemical industry. There is also a branch of the military engineer Kstower University of Nizhny Novgorod.