Kumite

Kumite (组 手jap, "Meeting of the hands " ) refers to a form of competition and training in Japanese martial arts and sports.

In competition represents the Kumite struggle between two opponents without prior consultation of the techniques dar. In training may vary according to different levels of martial Kumites exist in which the attack and defense techniques may be required depending on the level.

History

Kumite Karate is a new phenomenon, which was first produced in the 20th century on the model of competitions in judo, boxing and other martial arts. The traditional Karate Kumite knew no. The Grand Master of Karate Gichin Funakoshi has seen the Versportlichung of karate with some bitterness, as he thus saw the basic educational values ​​of Karate in danger. Ultimately, however, he presented at the insistence of his students together first Kumiteformen representing the root of the Kumiteformen in Shotokan Karate.

Molding

Today, the karateka is led by a multi-level system of Kumiteformen to the sparring ( Jiyu Kumite ). It should be noted that there are other Kumiteformen in different Karate styles.

• Paper starts with the Kihon Kumite Gohon: Two opponents stand facing each other. The attacker is determined and this abuts to five times, while the defender repels and go backwards. On the last defense action be followed by a counter-attack. The attack and defense techniques here are precisely defined. The technique for the counter-attack is freely selectable in the control.
• The Kihon Kumite Sanbon Kumite matches the Gohon, but only three ( san) attacks and defenses.
• Then takes place in Kihon Ippon Kumite only one attack, immediately followed by defense and counter-attack.

The term Kihon points out that the techniques are presented in a ritualized ( basic scholastic ) form.

Advanced Kumiteformen include:

• Jiyu Ippon Kumite: There is an attack - defense counterattack sequence in free form.
• Okuri Kumite: There is not one, but several attacks that must first be blocked before the counter- attack to occur.
• Kaeshi Kumite: The attacker parries to counter-attack after an attack - defense counterattack sequence and now is in turn counter-attacked.
• Happo - kumite: ( From Hachi, Japanese, eight) eight attackers face evenly distributed around a defender and take him (possibly after a short announcement) on what the defender with defense and counterattack responding.
• Jiyu Kumite: Absolute free fight in which neither attack nor defense technology are predicted. The exercise partners face each other freely. Usually the term " Jiyu - Kumite " is used in reference to a competition in a sporting sense.