Kuqa County
The Kuqa County ( Modern Chinese simplified:库车 县; traditionally :库车 县, pinyin kitchen Xian, sometimes Kucha Kucha, Chiu- tzu, Kiu - che, Kuei -tzu; old Chinese:屈 支 屈 茨;龟 弦 ,丘兹, even Bo; antique龟兹, Qiuci ) belongs to the administrative district of Aksu in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. The county has an area of 14,522 km ² and around 400,000 inhabitants ( end of 2003). About a quarter of them live (库车 镇), the administrative center of the circle in the large village Kuqa. Kuqa was an important stop on the Silk Road.
History
As early as the 1st century BC saw the first contacts with the emerging Han Dynasty, which Kuqa temporarily Chinese vassal was. 46 AD Kuqa was conquered by King Xian of Yarkant. After further unrest, the Tarim Basin was subjected to 78 AD by the Chinese general Ban Chao again, the Kuqa made the administrative center of the Chinese domination of the Tarim Basin. At the same time eliminate Ban Chao a puppet king appointed by the Xiongnu and replaced him with Bo Ba, the first known member of the family Bo (Chinese帛/白), which prevailed until at least the 5th century on Kuqa. After repeated uprisings to Kuqa had 91 and 126 subjugate China again. In the 3rd century closer ties to the Western Jin Dynasty have survived, but were completed by 300, when King Long Hui (Chinese龙 会) won by Karashahr control over the Tarim Basin. After Kuqa had again erlang its independence back, it 382 General Lü Guang (Chinese吕光) on command Fu Jian ( 357-385 ) was destroyed. 448 subdued the Northern Wei Dynasty Kuqa and made it tributary. This condition lasted until the Tang Dynasty. After Kuqa but had allied with Karashahr against China, it was defeated and subjected to 648. The Tang installed in the same year a garrison as part of the "Four Garrisons of Anxi ". In the following period there was a strong dependence on China, however, the sources allow only limited information. Probably Kuqa became Muslim in the 11th century. Even in the 7th century Chinese traveler Xuanzang described the Kuqa as a thriving oasis with developed agriculture and rich mineral deposits.
Already at the beginning of the 20th century Buddhist cave temples have been discovered in the area of Kuqa, which have significant wall paintings inside. In the ancient buildings from Kuqa Tocharian documents were discovered.
Management
The group manages the following major towns and municipalities:
Large municipalities ( towns ,镇zhen ):
- 阿拉哈格 镇zhen Alahage
- 墩 阔 坦 镇zhen Dunkuotan
- 库车 镇zhen Kitchen
- 齐 满 镇zhen Qiman
- 乌恰 镇zhen Wuqia
- 乌 尊 镇zhen Wuzun
- 牙 哈 镇zhen Yaha
- 雅克拉 镇zhen Yakela
- 依 西哈拉 镇zhen Yixihala
Communities (villages, Xiang乡):
- 阿格 乡xiang Age
- 阿克吾 斯 塘乡Akewusitang Xiang
- 比西巴格 乡xiang Bixibage
- 哈尼喀 木 乡xiang Banikamu
- 塔里木 乡xiang Talimu
- 玉 奇 吾 斯 塘乡Yuqiwusitang Xiang
Ethnic structure of the population in the county Kuqa (2000)
At the census in the year 2000 388.593 inhabitants were counted in Kuqa County ( population density 26.76 inhabitants / km ²).