Kybartai

Kybartai, Polish Kibarty, German outdated Kibarten, is a city in Lithuania on the border with the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast, formerly north of East Prussia. Between the Lithuanian and Russian Kybartai Tschernyschewskoje ( Eydtkuhnen or Eydtkau 1938-45 ) is the most important road and railway border crossing the Russian exclave for land transport to the heartland.

The city ( miesto ) has 6231 inhabitants and is the seat of the homonymous country Office ( kaimo seniūnija ) the Rajongemeinde Vilkaviškis that until 2010 belonged to the district Marijampolė 1994.

Established was the place in the colonizing of Queen Bona Sforza, wife of King Sigismund I of Poland. 1561 the village in the land of Jurbarkas and Virbalis is mentioned.

The peace of Melnosee had 1422 confirmed the affiliation of the area to Poland - Lithuania. From the Third Partition of Poland until the Peace of Tilsit in 1809 the place belonged to the newly created province of South Prussia by the Kingdom of Prussia, then to 1815 Napoleon created the Duchy of Warsaw. Meanwhile, border demarcation in the south of Lithuania was maintained as a bound in personal union with Russia Kingdom of Poland was created at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Its autonomy was progressively restricted until it went up in the Russian Weichselgouvernements.

As in 1851, the first connection between European standard gauge network ( Prussian Eastern Railway ) and Russian broad gauge network (Petersburg - Warsaw railway) was created, named one of the built in Kybartai Russian border station at first to the neighboring town Virbalis, whose German name version is thereby received Wirballen in railroad history.

Since the opening of the railway line Kybartai surpassed the old Virbalis. In 1919 it received city rights. Since about the time also means the Kybartai station. A lot of the newcomers, who won the place in his recovery, were Jews.

Since the proclamation of a newly independent Lithuania on 16 February 1918, the area belonged to each according to his story to the Republic of Lithuania or a Lithuanian Soviet Republic, interrupted by the German occupation between 1941 and 1944.

The once- representative station building was badly damaged in World War II and now restored in less developed form.

Personalities

  • Isaak Ilyich Levitan ( Levitan Yitzchak, Yitzchak Levitan, . * 18 Augustjul / August 30 1860greg † 22 Julijul / August 4 1900greg. .. ), Russian landscape painter
  • Emil Młynarski ( born July 18, 1870 † May 5, 1935 ), Polish composer, founder of the Polish National Philharmonic in Warsaw
  • Jacob Mesenblum (* 1895, † 1933), Lithuanian painter
  • Harald Serafin ( born December 24, 1931), Austrian opera singer and director
  • Inga Valinskienė ( born July 8, 1966), Lithuanian singer and politician
Treaties of Tilsit Saint Petersburg – Warsaw Railway Isaac Levitan Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra
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