L'Abbaye

L' Abbaye

L' Abbaye ( [ labei ] or [ labeji ], in the local Provençal dialect [(a) laba i ː ] or [( a) labaji ] ) is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Geography

L' Abbaye is situated at 1,014 m above sea level. M., 29 km southwest of the district capital Yverdon- les- Bains, 28 km north- west of Lausanne (air line). The village is located in the Vallée de Joux on the alluvial fan of the lionne on the eastern shore of the Lac de Joux in the Vaud Jura.

The area of ​​31.9 km ² large municipality area includes a portion of the Vaud Jura and around half of the water area of ​​the Lac de Joux. The area extends from the flat riparian strips to the southeast on the anticline of Mont Tendre. This has a 3 km wide north shoulder that by extensive forests ( Grand Bois à Ban and Bois de la fin ) and Jura mountain pastures ( including the Communal de l' Abbaye ) is taken, either individually with the typical powerful or in groups standing spruce trees have been passed. The landscape shows a typical karst phenomena of numerous aboveground endorheic depressions and sinkholes and karst fields. The highest point of L' Abbaye is 1'650 m above sea level. M. reached on the western slopes of Mont Tendre. In the east, the border runs through the skin you Mollendruz ( 1441 meters above sea level. M. ) and the pass crossing Petra Felix ( 1'144 m above sea level. M. ). Northeast of Lac de Joux and the adjacent Brenet enough the communal land of the hills Les Agouillons (up to 1,217 m above sea level. M. ), the bog sagne Vuagnard and the valley of the stream Ruisseau des Epoisats to the summit of the Dent de Vaulion ( 1'483 m above sea level. M. ). From the municipality surface 1997 4 % came from settlements, 57 % of forest and shrubs, 37% to agriculture and slightly more than 2% was unproductive land.

At L' Abbaye includes the two villages Le Pont ( 1,008 m above sea level. M. ) on the northeastern shore of Jac de Joux and Les Bioux ( 1,022 m above sea level. M. ) on the southeast shore. The latter consists of the virtually contiguous street line of settlements Bas Bioux ( 1,010 m above sea level. M. ), verse chez Aron ( 1,022 m above sea level. M. ) and verse chez Grosjean ( 1,025 m above sea level. M. ). In addition to L' Abbaye include numerous individual farms which are scattered through the Jura hills. Neighboring communities of L' Abbaye are Vallorbe Vaulion, Mont- la -Ville, L' Isle, Mont Richer, Le Chenit and Le Lieu.

Population

With 1317 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) L' Abbaye is one of the medium-sized municipalities in the canton of Vaud. Of the 94.0% inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 2.5% and 1.5% portugiesischsprachig (as of 2000). The population of L' Abbaye amounted 1850 to 1018 population, 1900 to 1350 inhabitants. During the 20th century, the population fluctuated 1050-1350. Since the recent low ( in 1980 after the economic crisis in 1068 inhabitants) has increased the population to be clear.

Economy

Early developed in L' Abbaye only agriculture but also the artisanal and industrial activity. At the beginning of the development was the end of the 15th century forged and hammer mills and threshing and sawmill, which took advantage of the water power of the lionne. A blast furnace consisted of 1557 until the 18th century, from about 1650 these were joined by metal-processing operations. During the 18th century, these enterprises were replaced by the watchmaking, which was first made ​​in homework, since the mid-19th century in factories. End of the 19th century became the Eisgewinnung in Le Pont an important meaning. The ice was cut during the winter from the ice of Lac de Joux, then stored and transported in the Swiss Plateau and to Paris in the summer.

Today, the population in the watchmaking industry (mainly located in Les Bioux ), in saw mills, employed in the tourism sector and the local small businesses. Agriculture only has a low significance with livestock and dairy farming and cheese production.

Tourism

The area around the Lac de Joux, Mont Tendre, the heights of Mollendruz and the Dent de Vaulion are popular destinations. In the summer can be operated on the lake water. The Jura Mountains are a short break and hike destination. During the winter are at L' Abbaye several ski lifts in operation. In Le Pont is the zoo Juraparc.

Traffic

The municipality is situated on the main street of Vallorbe to Le Brassus. From this main road branches in L' Abbaye, the road from the Col du Mollendruz to Cossonay. On 31 October 1886, the railway line was Vallorbe - Le Pont put into operation. The of the Pont- Brassus -Bahn ( PBr ) built extension to Le Brassus opened on 21 August 1899. L' Abbaye and Les Bioux be connected through the bus line that runs from Le Pont to Le Sentier to the network of public transport.

History

The history of L' Abbaye begins with the founding of a Premonstratensian monastery in 1126 by Gozbert, who was a disciple of St. Norbert of Xanten. The monastery was dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene. In 1228 the place is as Abbatia de lacu Jurensi mentioned ( Abbaye du Lac de Joux ). The canons made ​​the land along the Lac de Joux reclaimed, and since the beginning of the 14th century, the village of L' Abbaye developed around the monastery.

With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536, and the introduction of the Reformation, the monastery was secularized. L' Abbaye came under the administration of the bailiwick Romainmôtier. Since 1571 L' Abbaye formed after the separation of Le Lieu an independent municipality. The fractions L' Abbaye, Le Pont and Les Bioux are since 1766 part of municipalities with its own town meeting and management. After the collapse of the ancien régime was L' Abbaye 1798-1803 during the Helvetic Republic to the canton of Geneva, who came up then with the enactment of the Act of Mediation in the canton of Vaud. 1798, the municipality was assigned to the district of La Vallee. The village of L' Abbaye was repeatedly ravaged by severe fires, the last in 1966 occurred.

Attractions

From the old abbey only the Gothic spire of the 16th century has survived. For the celebration of the 400 years of independence of the church is a late Gothic arcade of the cloister was rebuilt in 1971. Today's Reformed Church of L' Abbaye is from 1865. Bioux Les also has a Reformed Church, a timber of 1698th Some characteristic farmhouses in the Vaud Jura in the 18th and 19th centuries have been preserved.