La Roche-Guyon
La Roche- Guyon is a commune of 458 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2011 ) in the department of Val- d'Oise in the Île- de -France region; it belongs to Arrondissement Pontoise and the canton of Magny -en- Vexin. La Roche- Guyon is classified as one of the plus beaux villages de France ( most beautiful villages in France ).
Geography
La Roche- Guyon is situated on the right bank of Seine loop below the rocks of the Plateau du Vexin. The community is known for the castle of La Roche- Guyon, which is owned by the La Rochefoucauld family and is dominated by the remains of the old castle. In the 19th century it became a recreation area, in which many artists were staying. La Roche- Guyon is located in the southwest of the department of Val- d'Oise at the borders of the Ile- de -France to Normandy. Paris is located about 66 km south-east, 40 km east Pontoise. Neighboring municipalities are: Amenucourt in the north, Chérence in the northeast, Haute -Isle in the east, in the southeast Moisson, Freneuse and Gommecourt in the southwest and Gasny in the West. The municipality is part of the Regional Natural Park Vexin français.
History
A small necropolis Merovingian evidence that the area was settled in the early Middle Ages. The Treaty of Saint- Clair -sur -Epte (911) got La Roche, a town on the border of Normandy, is of strategic importance. A first cave castle was built for defense, added in 1190, a donjon, which was connected via a whipped through the rock staircase with the castle. In the 13th century a castle was built below the castle, which was gradually inhabited caves disappear.
The name of the village comes from the Latin rupes ( rock ) and the proper name Guy, that means " rock of Guy " - from 10, the place was until the 15th century in the possession of Guy de la Roche family, the family of the Silly was succeeded, in turn, to 1628 ruled here. Their successors were the Rohan - Chabot and finally La Rochefoucauld, although they lost during the revolution possession at the place, but the castle still inhabit today.
During World War II, the Wehrmacht had set up a command center in the castle. Erwin Rommel commanded partly from here measures against the invasion of Normandy.
In the early 1960s plans were made to demolish the town of La Roche- Guyon and instead to build a new capital in the way of Brasília and thus to transform La Roche- Guyon in a Monaco on the Seine. The community successfully defended itself against the plans of architect Albert Laprade and Jean Brasilier. However, the speculation ended only when La Roche- Guyon was included in the list of the most beautiful villages in France.
Demographics
Attractions
- Castle of La Roche- Guyon
- Town Hall of La Roche -Guyon
Personalities
- The Dukes of La Roche- Guyon out of the house La Rochefoucauld
- Antoinette de Pons, Countess of La Roche- Guyon and Marchioness of Guercheville (around 1570-1632 )
- Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, baron de l' Alder (1727-1781)
- Déodat Gratet de Dolomieu (1750-1801)
- Erwin Rommel (1891-1944)
- Joseph Kosma (1905-1969)