Laburnum anagyroides

Common laburnum ( Laburnum anagyroides )

The common laburnum ( Laburnum Cytisus laburnum anagyroides Syn ) is a poisonous plant of the genus Laburnum. The plant is found in the southern part of Central and Eastern Europe. It is often planted as an ornamental shrub.

Description

The common laburnum grows as a shrub or small tree, reaching heights of growth to 7 meters. The green fingered change-constant leaves are 3- merous, the petiole is pressed closely and hairy.

The yellow flowers are bilaterally symmetrical with five petals, they are arranged in hanging clusters. Bloom time is from April to June.

The fruits of the plant are elongated sleeves that bean-shaped seeds contain from about 3 mm in size.

Ecology

The common laburnum is a winter bald shrub or a small tree. He is only 20-30 years old. The branches are surrounded by a layer of cork as periderm; it is made no bark. There is VA -mycorrhiza and root nodules atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated.

The flowers are fragrant loose " pollen butterfly flower " with folding mechanism. Since no nectar is available, the stamens are fused into a tube; but the flowers have a anbohrbares tissue. In the hanging grape blossoms are triggered by rotation ( Resupination ) in a horizontal position. Pollinators are bees and beetles. Bloom time is from April to June.

The sleeves jump when dry, that is, Xerochas, and to spread their seed as self- spreader; their scattering length is several meters and they are winter stayer. The roll seeds have fat oil as a nutrient reservoir. Fruit ripening extends from August to September.

Poisonous plant parts and components

The seeds of the plant contain up to 2 percent of the highly toxic alkaloid cytisine, the flowers are about 1 percent of the toxic substance contained, the leaves contain about 0.5 percent cytisine. The content may vary due to seasonal. In addition to the main alkaloid cytisine N- methylcytisine, Laburnin and Chinolizidinalkaloide have yet been detected

Since a cross-tolerance of Cytisins is to nicotine, the seeds were formerly used for smoking cessation.

In cases of poisoning with laburnum first occurs similar to nicotine on central arousal. This comes later in an attenuation of CNS and sympathetic. Symptoms include nausea, salivation, stomach pain and sweating. It often occurs very quickly after ingestion to violent vomiting. Therefore poisoning fatalities are rare. Remains of the vomiting, death occurs from respiratory paralysis after violent convulsions, which merge into paralysis.

System

The first description of Friedrich Casimir Medicus was published in 1787. The common Laburnum vulgare is also among the synonyms of Cytisus laburnum L. and Laburnum Bercht. J. S. et Presl out.

Cultivated forms

It has been bred a number of varieties; Here is a selection:

• ' Aureum '
• ' Bullatum '
• ' Carlieri '
• ' Chrysophyllum '
• ' Incisum '
• ' Pendulum '
• ' Quercifolium '
• ' Serotinum '
• ' Sessilifolium '
• ' Variegatum '