Laguna (province)
Laguna is a province on the Philippine island of Luzon in the CALABARZON region. The seat of the provincial government is located in the municipality of Santa Cruz.
Owes its name to the province the largest lake in the Philippines, the Laguna de Bay, the province encloses half, to further word meaning look there.
The province has 2,669,847 inhabitants ( census May 1, 2010 ) and an area of 1759.7 km ². The average population density is 1517 people per km ². Teresita S. Lazaro is the Governor of the province.
Geography
Laguna is located southeast of Metro Manila, south of the province of Rizal, west of Quezon, north of Batangas and east of Cavite.
The province encompasses the entire southern part of the Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the country. Near the lake is Mount Makiling, which is known for its numerous hot springs that are found everywhere along its slopes. Near the southern boundary of the San Cristobal and Banahaw, the highest mountain in the province located. Both mountains have a mythological significance for the local population. Overall, the mountains in the province of spring about 40 rivers, with a total of almost 5 square kilometers. The last rainforest areas in the province are in Mounts Banahaw - San Cristobal National Park.
The Pagsajan Falls are a well-known across the borders of the country waterfall, which is surrounded by the jungle and can be reached only by boat. The eastern portion of Laguna is spanned by the southern foothills of the Sierra Madre mountain range, in the Caliraya Lake and the Lake Lumot lie.
Languages
The main language is Tagalog, but in addition also English is widely disseminated.
Political Structure
Laguna is subdivided into 26 municipalities and 4 cities individually managed. Municipalities and cities are composed of a total of 674 barangays ( districts ). The province is further divided into three districts Congress.
Cities
- Biñan City
- Cabuyao
- Calamba City
- San Pablo City
- Santa Rosa City
Communities
- Alaminos
- Bay
- Calauan
- Cavinti
- Famy
- Kalayaan
- Liliw
- Los Baños
- Luisiana
- Lumban
- Mabitac
- Magdalena
- Majayjay
- Nagcarlan
- Paete
- Pagsanjan
- Pakil
- Pangil
- Pila
- Rizal
- San Pedro
- Santa Cruz
- Santa Maria
- Siniloan
- Victoria
Economy
The economy of Laguna lives mainly from agricultural production. In the province, in particular, coconuts, rice, sugar cane, citrus fruits, and other agricultural products Lanzones be planted. The wide fields between large expanses of forest are also ideal for the cultivation of vegetables, tropical fruits, orchids and various ornamental flowers and exotic plants.
In addition, the province lives of their tourist attractions such as the Pagsanjan Falls, the hot springs of Los Baños, the Makiling National Park, Caliraya the - See.und the Laguna de Bay. The degree of economic development varies considerably. The towns near Metro Manila have experienced a strong industrialization, while in the villages away from the metropolitan connectivity continues to agricultural production and the fishing is in the foreground, where as agriculture -based industries and small industrial establishments are located, Elle.
Laguna is also equipped with various natural resources. The forests are made of bamboo, rattan, and soft hardwood places. The province is also rich in mineral resources such as clay, jasper and basalt glass.
History
The Laguna province was, as already mentioned, named after Laguna de Bay. This in turn got its name from the town of Bay ( Laguna de Bay is Spanish which means " Lake of Bay " ), the first capital of the province. In 1571 conquered an expedition of one hundred Spanish and Mexican soldiers, accompanied by numerous indigenous allies from the Visayas and led by Captain Juan de Salcedo, the territory of today's province and the surrounding parts of the country for the Spanish Kingdom.
In 1577 missionaries reached the Franciscans the port of Manila and began 1578 with the Christianization of the present province area, and areas of Morong ( now Rizal province ), Tayabas (now Quezon ) and the entire Bicol Peninsula. Juan de Placencia and Diego de Oropesa were the first Franciscans, who were sent to this region. As of 1580, they founded the towns of Bay, Caliraya, Majayjay, Nagcarlan, Liliw, Pila, Santa Cruz, Lumban, Pangil and Siniloan. In 1678, Fray Hernando Cabrera founded los Montes ( now San Pablo) the village of San Pablo de, leaving here a wooden church and a monastery built that still have a special place within the province.
In 1670, the boundary lines between Lucban, Majayjay and Cavite have been established. The most populous city was at that time the village of Bay, which had been the capital of the province until 1688. After that, the seat of the regional government was moved to Pagsanjan and later, in 1858, to Santa Cruz. In 1754 the province was divided into the provinces of Laguna and Tayabas new, with the Malinao River separating the towns of Lumban and Majayjay and since then represents the border between the two provinces.
The province was in the 17th century the site of two bloody battles, after the Chinese twice initiated a revolt against the Spanish colonial rule. The first took place in 1603 and ended with the defeat of the Chinese invaders in the mountains of San Pablo. The second, dated from 1639, when some Chinese units in the highlands of Cavinti and Lumban established themselves before they had to give in Pagsanjan a year later.
During the British invasion (1762-1764), the troops of the Spanish colonial government were in the defense of the country supported by local associations from Laguna. After the successful repulse of the British invasion efforts, the assistance of the local population over the years turned into a bitter hostility to the Spanish crown. Severe ill-treatment by the colonizers, especially by the clergy, accompanied by steady intolerance, which was contrary to the locals brought by the religious rule, sparked the ire of the population Lagunas. This led in 1840 to a revolt in the town of Lucban, which was begun under the leadership of Hermano Pule ( Apolinario de la Cruz ) and joined the inhabitants of the villages Majayjay, Nagcarlan, Bay, and Biñan.
In 1896 one more time thousands of inhabitants of the province of support initiated by the Katipunan Philippine Revolution. Laguna was there one of the eight provinces where the revolt against the Spanish colonial power spread very quickly. The ill-equipped revolutionaries fought here against well-armed Spanish units. Your military inferiority was compensated by their number and determination, so that on 31 August 1898, the last Spanish troops in Santa Cruz had to give ..
After the outbreak of the Philippine- American War (1899-1901), Generals Juan Cailles and Paciano Rizal organized the defense of the province of Laguna, whose surrender on June 3, 1901, however, was inevitable. Cailles was later appointed the first Filipino governor of the province of Laguna under the American flag.
During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines (1942-1945) the territory of the province was once again a center of Filipino resistance. Having started in October 1944 by the invasion of Leyte on the liberation of the Philippines by Allied Filipino- American forces, the number of attacks of Filipino soldiers and guerrilla forces increased from 1945 against the Japanese forces that ultimately forced to surrender in September 1945.
Climate
The climate of the province, especially in the area west of the municipality of Santa Cruz, relatively dry from November to April, while it is marked near the southern boundary during the remaining year of rain. Most parts of the eastern and southern province section do not distinguishable dry or wet season, rainfall here can occur evenly distributed throughout the year.
Personalities
The following figures are from the Philippine province of Laguna:
- Pedro Pelaez important reformer and father of Säkularisierunsgewegung in the Philippines
- Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, Biñan City, attorney and author of the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898
- Jose Rizal ( Calamba City ) - Filipino national hero
- Charice Pempengco ( Cabuyao ) - International Singer / Recording Artist
- Ronato " The Volcano " Alcano ( Calamba City ) - Professional Pool Player
Universities
Attractions
- The Rizal Shrine in Calamba City
- The Japanese Garden in Cavinti
- The Pagsajan waterfalls in Pagsanjan
- Mount Makiling in Calamba City and Los Baños
- The Hidden Valley Springs in Calauan
- The Crocodile Lake in Los Baños
- Eight Mountains in Nagcarlan with the Mt Atimla, Mt Mabilog, Mt Nagcarlan, Mt Malauban, Mt Lansay, Mt Bayaquitos, Mt Cristóbal and Mt Banahaw.
- Seven Lakes of San Pablo City around with the Sampaloc Lake, the Lake Bunot, Lake Calibato, Lake Pandin, Lake Yambo, Lake Palakpakin and Lake Muhikap.
- The Dalitiwan River and the Taytay Falls in Majayjay
- The Buruwisan Waterfalls in Siniloan
- The Pila Municipal Museum in Pila
- The Pook ni Maria Makiling in Los Baños
- The Hot Spring Resorts in Calamba City