Lamniformes
Shortfin mako sharks - ( Isurus oxyrinchus )
Makrelenhaiartige ( Lamniformes ) are an order of sharks are among the well known ways as different as the great white shark, the basking shark, the thresher sharks, or shortfin mako.
Features
Unlike other systems, there are at the Makrelenhaiartigen no common characteristic that makes an assignment immediately possible only in the combination of several characteristics can be significantly simplified the assignment. Features are:
- Five gill slits
- Two spineless dorsal fins
- Lack nictitating membrane
- Existing anal fin
- Flattened or conical snout
- The mouth is large and begins behind the front edge of the eye
- Spiraculum if present, is located directly behind the eye
- Spiral intestine with 19-55 turns
Many representatives of this order are able to move more independent than other fish by storing heat in a network of capillary vessels ( rete mirabilis ) on the ambient temperature.
Way of life
Two Makrelenhaiartige, the basking shark ( Cetorhinus maximus ) and the Megamouth ( Megachasma pelagios ) live on plankton, the rest eat larger animals, the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias ) also eats marine mammals.
Makrelenhaiartige are ovoviviparous, the young leave the egg case still in the womb, and be born immediately afterwards, or hatch immediately after laying the eggs.
System
There are seven extant families, four of which are monotypic, ten genera and 16 species.
- Sand Sharks ( Odontaspididae )
- Goblin sharks ( Mitsukurinidae )
- Crocodile shark ( Pseudocarchariidae )
- Giant sharks mouth ( Megachasmidae )
- Thresher sharks ( Alopiidae )
- Basking sharks ( Cetorhinidae )
- Mackerel sharks ( Lamnidae )
Phylogeny
Makrelenhaiartige can be detected fossil since the Lower Cretaceous. Most fossil taxa described, however, are known only through their teeth. Three extinct families have been described that Cretoxyrhinidae ( Lower Cretaceous to Paleocene ), the Anacoracidae ( Cretaceous ) and the Otodontidae ( Paleocene to Pliocene ). The Makrelenhaiartigen also includes the extinct, giant Megalodon ( Carcharocles megalodon ), who lived from the Miocene to Early Pleistocene million to 5 years ago to 1.6.