Land Run of 1889

The Oklahoma Land Run, sometimes called Oklahoma Land Rush called ( loosely translated from English Oklahoma Land Race or Oklahoma Land Race ), introduced on 22 April 1889 occupation of the West half of the last Indian Territory ( Indian Reserve ) the United States in what is now the U.S. state of Oklahoma by Anglo-American settlers. Relatively quickly it was the later capital of the state, Oklahoma City, built. The Oklahoma Land Run is one of the historic vertices that symbolically the end of the American pioneers, which is often referred to in today's popular culture as Wild West mark.

Historical Context

Most of the remaining Indian territory in the region of Oklahoma had hitherto predominantly tribal area of five civilized nations, the Indian peoples of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muskogee and Seminole. These tribes were in turn (English: Trail of tears ) to 1838/39 at the Trail of Tears been forcibly forcibly relocated from their ancestral homeland in some more eastern U.S. states in which is considered the inhospitable Oklahoma Territory, where they share the land with local tribes had.

Still in 1880 had been banned by European colonists by the U.S. Government, the settlement of the area. Nevertheless, there were repeated incursions by settlers, which the authorities opposed any significant consequences. To legalize more settlements, it came in 1885 to negotiate with the Muskogee and Seminole that the release of about 2 million acres ( ≈ 8094 km ²) land ultimately led 1889.

The Oklahoma Land Run was the result of accordingly 's signing a proclamation by President Benjamin Harrison on March 23, 1889 ( barely three weeks after his inauguration ), which was allegedly granted the settlement of part of the Indian territories for non- indigenous settlers. This statement came a month later, on April 22, in force. Even in the days before some colonists had illegally the border to the Cherokee Outlet transgress ( a western corner of the area of Cherokee ), and secretly plots of land (English: Claims ) staked out for itself. After these " Soonern ", the early land holders (English: soon = early), was later the U.S. state of Oklahoma, located in the southernmost part of the Midwestern United States, its nickname (The Sooner State ).

On the morning of April 22, thousands of new settlers gathered on the border of the Cherokee Outlet. After the starting signal by 12 clock noon, the race of colonists began at the best possible piece of land in this area.

1890 Oklahoma was organized as a U.S. territory, and until 1906 there was a steady expansion of the settlement area, before Oklahoma joined together with the remaining Indian Territory on November 16, 1907 as the 46th state in the Union of the United States.

The Oklahoma Land Run in the film

Especially the breakaway country hunting of the settlers on the border after the starting gun was a template for action-packed scenes:

• Pioneers of the Wild West (Original Title: Cimarron ); USA 1931 Director: Wesley Ruggles, starring Richard Dix, Irene Dunne, from the novel by Edna Ferber, romantic Western, History of Oklahoma Territory in the context of a romance and family history from the perspective of Anglo-American adventurer
• Oklahoma Kid ( Original title: The Oklahoma Kid); USA 1939 Director: Lloyd Bacon, starring James Cagney, Humphrey Bogart, fictional story about a young man who avenges his father hanged innocent against the background of the Land Run.
• Cimarron (Original Title: Cimarron ); USA 1960 Director: Anthony Mann, starring Glenn Ford, Maria Schell, remake of the 1931er version in color and Cinemascope.
• Far and Away (Original Title: Far and Away ); USA 1992, directed by Ron Howard, starring Tom Cruise, Nicole Kidman ( fictional story of two Irish -born immigrants in the Oklahoma Land Run ultimately find their new home ).

More

The Belgian comic artist Morris made ​​his legendary hero character Lucky Luke as a leading figure in the settlement of Oklahoma and the Land Run occur in the tape on to Oklahoma.