Langue and parole

Langue (French: langue =, language ( a people ) ') is in linguistics, in particular in the general linguistics, a term introduced by Ferdinand de Saussure technical term and refers to the (general, on individual, social ) system of language as a system of signs and grammatical rules. " Langue " is the antonym of "Parole " (Fr. = parole, word, speech '), which is defined as the specific spatio-temporal realization of langue in linguistic utterances. The Langue effectively represents the linguistic inventory of an individual language is, Parole its application.

The term " langue " was introduced by de Saussure in his " Cours de linguistique générale " (1916, dt: "Basic Questions of general linguistics ", 1967) introduced. He set out so that the language as a social phenomenon and a concomitant conventionality of linguistic signs.

The terms' langue - parole "is " the cornerstone of the whole structuralist linguistics and nachstrukturalistischen " dar. This conceptual opposition had already precursor, but also parallels and later variants.

  • " Ergon - energeia " ( Wilhelm von Humboldt )
  • "Language - Speech " ( Paul Hermann 1880)
  • "Voice System - updated speech" ( George of the Gabelentz 1891)
  • " Langue - Parole " ( Ferdinand de Saussure 1896)
  • " System of language - speech act " (Karl Bühler 1934)
  • "Register - use" (Michael AK Halliday 1961)
  • "Competence - Performance " ( Noam Chomsky, 1965)

Also, as a parallel to this dichotomy is one of the distinction between Type vs. Token, the corpus linguistic methodology also applies, but the corpus linguistics is one of the few companies to overcome this dichotomous language concept. Another pair of opposites to this effect is sometimes also called " pattern " vs. Called " application ".

Another criticism of the model " Langue " including the "autonomy claim a purely theoretical, intra- linguistic speech observation " that a devaluation of human speech, which will only as a means to an end of the body of the Langue determination.

The " Langue " is by de Saussure terminologically distinguished from the " Langage " (french langage =, language ( as a means of expression ), ability to speak '), which he used as a generic term for " langue " and "parole " either or " faculté de langage ", ie, as the human language faculty sees as opposed to animal expression.

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