Lathyrus latifolius

Big-leaf pea ( Lathyrus latifolius )

The Broad- pea ( Lathyrus latifolius ), also known as big-leaf pea or sweet pea bouquet, is a species of the genus of grass pea ( Lathyrus ), which belongs to the legume family ( Fabaceae ).

• 5.1 Notes and references

Description

Vegetative characteristics

The Broad-leaved Vetch is a deciduous, perennial, herbaceous plant with long underground, branched streamers. The stems are prostrate, ascending or climbing and are 0.5 to 2, rarely 3 feet long. They are usually branched only at the bottom. They are clearly winged with 2.5 to 6 mm broad wings due to fine denticles rough, and bare. The petioles are 2-5 cm long, to 12 mm wide. Their wings are 2-7 mm wide, while the same width or wider than the winged stems.

The leaves have a Fiederpaar and branched tendrils, these are at the lower stem leaves only grannenartige tips. The leaflets are 4-9, rarely 3 to 15 cm long and 1.5 to 5 cm broad, rounded or apiculate short. You have 5 or 7 longitudinal nerves are clearly leaflets and network annoying and have rough edges. The stipules are 3-6 cm long, 2-11 mm wide, at least half as long as the leaf petiole, and are wide half pike shaped.

Generative features

The racemose inflorescences contain 5 to 15 flowers, standing stiffly erect and at flowering time up to 3.5 times as long as the bracts. The flowers sit at 6-9 mm long stalks, their bracts are much shorter than the pedicel.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and fünfzählig double perianth. The calyx is glabrous, the calyx teeth are unequal in length: the lower are 1.5 to 2 times as long as the calyx tube, the upper ones are much shorter. The crown is 20 to 30 mm long, rose-red, the boat is greenish. The stylus is bent sharply upward, rotated and has a slanted brush pen.

The legumes are 7 to 11, rarely 5 cm long, 8-12 mm wide and network- annoying. They have a brown, glabrous surface and contain 8 to 15 seeds. The seeds are 4-7 mm long, globose to flattened against each other. The surface is warty, gray-brown with black spots. The navel is oval and taking fifth to a third of the circumference.

The chromosome number is 2n = 14

Flowers and dispersal ecology

When broadleaf pea is a hemicryptophytes. The underground offshoots serve the vegetative propagation.

Ecologically flowers are nectar- leading butterfly flowers with brush mechanism. Pen and boats are rotated, whereby the bloom is asymmetric. The result on the right- side access to the flower nectar use honeybees without thereby effect pollination. The pollination mechanism is still triggered by larger Apideen, such as representatives of the genera Bombus, Eucera and Megachile.

The seeds are probably spread endozoochor of birds and mammals. In addition, the broad-leaved Vetch is a dehydration spreader.

Occurrence

The Broad-leaved pea is native to southern Europe and North Africa. In Central Europe it is overgrown in part, in some areas, it is classified as naturalized ( neophyte ). In Austria it is in the Pannonian region home, otherwise naturalized in Germany, it occurs only as a neophyte.

It grows in meadows, in thickets, open woods and on railway embankments. You will preferably dry, loose, mostly calcareous soils to the montane altitudinal zone. Lathyrus latifolius is in the Swiss Jura characteristic species of Lathyretum latifoliae (Association Trifolion medii ) and is otherwise mainly in Quercetalia - pubescentis companies.

Terms and history

Varieties of broadleaf vetchling be used as an ornamental in parks and gardens.

She came in the second half of the 16th century central Europe. The first mention of it is by Pietro Andrea Mattioli as Clymeneum. The Flame Lobelius named the plant Lathyrus narbonensis latiore folio, so she had probably obtained from the South of France. Camerarius mentions it in 1586 already as a popular ornamental plant, in England it is cultivated at least since 1596. The first mention in Germany is the picture of the plant in the " Hortus Eystettensis " of 1613. Caspar ileocecal called the type Lathyrus latifolius 1623, this name took over later Carl Linnaeus. The widespread use as an ornamental plant took place in the 18th century. Already towards the end of the 19th century was the way as old-fashioned. Popular type is often referred to as vetch, mostly as winter vetch or Staudenwicke.

Documents

• Siegmund Seybold (ed.): Schmeil Fitschen - interactive ( CD -Rom ), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6
• Broad- pea. In: FloraWeb.de. ( Description and sections Ökolologie )