Lebedev Physical Institute

The Lebedev Institute (Russian Физический институт им. П. Н. Лебедева РАН ) in Moscow is one of the institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The research in this facility specializes in physics. It is often abbreviated as ФИАН ( FIAN ).

The Institute was founded in 1934 and named after the Russian physicist Pyotr Nikolaevich Lebedev. It traces its origins but even more on the mathematical and physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg back ( with famous directors such as Leonhard Euler ) since it was founded with the relocation of the Academy in Moscow 1934. Its first director was Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov. Under his leadership, the Institute underwent a major scientific upswing. Here, the Nobel Laureate in Physics Igor Jewgenjewitsch Tamm worked ( in the 1930s head of the theory department ), Ilya Mikhailovich Frank, Vladilen Stepanovich Letochow, Leonid Isaakowitsch Mandelstam, Pavel Cherenkov (which here in 1934 with Vavilov found the Cherenkov radiation), Vitaly Lasarevich Ginsburg, Nikolai Gennadievich Basov ( 1973-1988 director of the Lebedev Institute ), Alexander Mikhailovich Prokhorov ( with Basov Nobel Laureate in 1964 for the discovery of the laser - maser principle ), and the physicist Andrei Sakharov and Vladimir Iosifovich Weksler ( invention of the synchrotron 1944).

Others

Besides the very broad range of scientific research, the institute is known to have perfected the method for preparing crystalline zirconium cube. These crystals are called in Russia " Fianite ", named after the abbreviation of the Institute FIAN.