Leine

Leash at Sarstedt Ruthe

The leash is a 281 km long left or southern tributary of the Aller in Thuringia and Lower Saxony ( Germany ).

The catchment area of the line of 6512 km ² comprises 42 % of the river basin of the Aller. The river is named godfather of Leinebergland country which represents a large part of the Lower Saxony highlands.

4.1 fish fauna
4.2 shoreline fauna
4.3 shores Flora

5.1 Tourism
5.2 Marine
5.3 leash power plants
5.4 Cooling and process water

Geography

The line originates in Thuringia calibration field in Leinefelde, the southwestern of the two core cities of Leinefelde -Worbis. The number of their sources differs depending on the literature and probably also by fertility, because it will be given seven to twelve. After about 500 m flow path takes the leash their first (longer) inflow line at ( Line Source: 51.4173906810.288827786389420 ⊙ ), which is often mistakenly referred to on maps as the source river.

First, the line flows westward in Leinetal among other things, Heiligenstadt, uder and Arenshausen to Lower Saxony and then in predominantly northerly direction through the Leinebergland. Between Friedland and Northeim the line follows a broad, north - south running grave geological structure, the linen trench.

About Besenhausen on the former inner German border and Friedland the leash goes according Rosdorf where the water coming from the east garde as well as the coming of the West Hurtle opens, and Göttingen, the first major town on the river. In the city the lead coming from the east Lutter and coming from the west Grone. Directly east of Gottingen or of the Leine valley rises the Göttingen Forest.

Then the line runs in each case directly west past Bovenden and Norten -Hardenberg, where their coming the Harste and Espolde, from the east of the Rodebach and Bever flow to each of the west. After passing the ridge Wieter west, her flowing little northwest of Northeim to the coming of the southeast Rhume that exceeds the line in terms of water management and its attachments is intercepted at Coquille. There is also the North Seenplatte is right leash, while the left of the river valley of the ridge of the Ahlsburg rises.

The subsequent section of the river is wide remodels with dikes in order to accumulate large amounts of water to protect the linen downstream cities and towns in flood retention basins Salzderhelden can.

Between Einbeck and Salzderhelden the river leaves the broad line trench and takes at Volksen the Ilme on. The ridge Hube passed the line east and then reaches the railway junction Kreiensen. Shortly before Kreiensen flows coming from the southeast Aue, at the Greene coming from the east Gande. It follows a narrow section of the valley between the mountain ranges Bright Mountain in the east and soda in the West. The line runs north through Freden and Alfeld, with Sackwald and seven mountains to the east and Külf and Duinger mountain in the west are happening. Below Gronau flows from the east to the Despe, further north near Elze flows from the southwest, the Saale.

From about Nordstemmen they happened about 1 km to the west, the line between Hildesheimer forest in the east and in the west Osterwald in the North German lowlands occurs. In Nordstemmen her flowing beneath the Marienberg with the Marienburg Castle from the west to the Haller. A few kilometers further north the line flows approximately 2 km west past Sarstedt, then flows from the southeast in the ruthenium core.

The mouth of the heart is the zero point of the chainage of the leash. The river kilometers are counted from here up and down. The border between Thuringia and Lower Saxony is located at kilometer 143 and above the mouth of the leash in the Aller below at kilometer 112.

In the course of the leash Laatzen happened in the East and in the West Hemmingen. Then it flows through Hanover, the larger of the two cities along its banks. In the city it flows first on the edge of the districts Wülfel and Doehren along and then west past the Maschsee. Here they are from a different depending on the water level of their water over the rapids digging into the small Ihme, by the inflow of high-speed trench to the mouth of the line is wider then than this. In the remaining watercourse are the Maschpark, the Old Town, the Castle line with the Lower Saxony state parliament and the Calenberger Neustadt. South of the Royal Gardens, between the districts of Neustadt Calenberger and Linden -Nord, opens a at this point by the previously derived water larger, developed and diked Ihme. About a kilometer further downstream - between Linden-Nord and Limmer - flows of the line from the south to the Foesse. When the Limmer district branches from the line to the west of the connecting channel to leash off on the connections to the branch canal Hannover -Linden and then one hand to Lindener harbor and on the other hand are made to the Mittelland Canal. The line has at this point the weir Mr. Hausen, equipped as Expo project with a turbine to generate electricity and a fish ladder. Next to it is a historic lock to the Ernst -August- channel.

Below Hannover starts a directed to the northwest run section. Here, the line forms an axis extending north to Letter flow around the loop and another south to Marienwerderstraße around. This second loop touches the Hinüber 's garden, the Leineaue of Marie Werder and at the end of the civil Park Seelze. Between Seelze in the south and in the north Garbsen it is crossed by the West eastbound Mittelland Canal between Seelze and Seelze - Lohnde. In Bordenau flows from the southwest the Westaue. Henceforth, the leash is fairly strong meandering to the north, including through the core city of Neustadt am Ruebenberge, where it flows approximately parallel to the eastern border of the nature park Steinhude.

Then the leash a little piece runs northeastward and eventually to lead back to the north, just north of Bothmer, a northern suburb of Schwarmstedt, or east of Gilten in the coming from the east all. At the mouth of the Aller, the line goes a little extra water than the All, is here so hydrographic the main river.

Geology

A salt dome of the Zechstein in the depth of -200 m to -900 below sea level with the name Leinetal - axis extends from the mountain above Adenser Wülfingen, Sorsum flour, Saale- mill, Sehlde, Eime, Banteln and from then on with a leash to Freden and a spur to Sülbeck. By Salza Blue narrowing of the salt dome in this Leinetal axis a valley through which the leash in the Quaternary by the Elster glaciation, especially in the early Drenthe stage of the Saale glaciation of Freden about Banteln, Eime, Sehlde, Saale - mill flour, Sorsum and Wülfingen in was the Hallertal flowed. This former course of the river line can be detected at several points by means terrace gravel leash. In the broad North Valley leash east of Elze formed in the Holstein interglacial period a lake. There was a transverse valley of the line between the Teufelsberg and the Great Rammelsberg, in which the line is now.

History

Primeval times

By the time the cold Elster Weser flowed over a period of one and a half million years between Adensen and Wülfingen from the Hallertal in the lanyard. Through sites of Weser gravel can be the then common run of leash and Weser reconstruct. At the former course of the river are the first places: Nordstemmen, Rössing, Barnten, Sarstedt, sliding things, Rethen, Laatzen, Hoever, Altwarmbuchen, castle Wedel, Melle village, Brelingen. Outcrops can be found for example on the sand and gravel pit northeast of Brelingen. Weser gravels can be pursued towards Nienburg / Weser on Hagen at Neustadt.

Medieval and modern times

The first mentions concern the Leinegau: 954 Laginga, 997 Lainegha and 1029 pagus Lagina.

Since 1592 the timber floating on the line is documented, first from the east of the line lying resin, 1680 after completion of the Lake pond and from the west of the line lying Solling.

1734 posted researchers derived from an expedition to explore the leash sources whose strength and cleanliness owed the traders to their city wealth and health. The results of the inspection were published and said that the line originates in a source area of ten sources within the former village area of old - line field.

In the 19th century a branch duct connecting the port of Salina Sülbeck with the leash.

In the 20th century the term of the line was straightened as many other rivers, to protect the adjacent towns and cities against floods, which, however, only in the 1970s was achieved with the establishment of the detention basin Salzderhelden. Between Wispenstein, Föhrste and Banteln several backwaters of the line have been preserved unbegradigt.

During the construction of high-speed railway route between Hanover and Würzburg, the rope was moved to a length of 3.8 km. This high dams and elaborate flow and flood bridges should be avoided, which would have resulted from a multiple crossing of the railway line and the river.

Originally a two-fold crossing the river with two bridges and three flood bridges was provided. In addition, an eight-meter high dam to be built. The district of Northeim, the patch Norten - Hardenberg and the Federal Railroad finally agreed to move the line to 3.8 km in length in a new riverbed west of the new line and transfer a tangierte county road also. The new line could thus be performed on a four-meter- high dam. With the new waterway is also a 40 to 80 m wide flood channel was created so that high water can drain away.

For several years, several angling clubs operate upstream of Hanover (among the clubs Alfeld, Gronau / Leine ( Salmon Station), Einbeck, Bad Gandersheim / Kreiensen and Northeim ) a program for resettlement of formerly domestic salmon. Every year thousands of young salmon are exposed, which should return when mature after several years in order to secure the continued existence in the leash. In the fall of 2004, the efforts of success were crowned. At the control station of the hydropower plant in Hanover- Lord Hausen, a 80-cm specimen of a formerly abandoned and marked salmon was found. The cock fish was on the way to spawn in the rapids ditch, an artificial connection channel in Hanover between canvas and Ihme, in which he was suspended in April 2001. In Herrenhausen a fish ladder was built.

The salmon project is an example of the improving water quality leash, another sign was the summer of 2004, the emergence of Maifisches, who was considered extinct by this time than in Lower Saxony.

Onomastics

The designation of a lead changed hands several times over the years of Lagina in the 10th century over loine, Leyne, Leina, Legine, Lagena, Lagina, Laigine, Lieinne to lead.

Local dialect the leash especially in ostfälischen language area as Laane is pronounced.

Flora and Fauna

Fish fauna

In line with its bayous near Hannover 32 species of fish, including mainly carp, tench, chub, barbel, grass carp used, roach, rudd and other species of white fish. The predatory fish pike, walleye, perch, eels, brown trout and rainbow trout dominate.

Shore fauna

In the Waterside area of the line there are numerous fields, including the leash lowland Salzderhelden where ducks are part of the typical fauna. Some shore meadows are occasionally grazed by the sheep line, named after the river. Since 2009, the southern Leineaue in Hanover is also observed a return of the beaver in the riparian areas.

Shore flora

In the settlements, as well as on the bridges and sewage treatment plant the vegetation is often sparse or absent, since the building partly to immediately goes into the water. Also the rest of the water's edge is largely overprinted the cultural landscape and consists of species-poor grassland, so that can pass through the potential natural vegetation only at a fraction of the total length of the river. At several points along the line vast landscape protection areas are designated to the shore. Under conservation is in the district of Northeim one about 6 km long area, which consists of the polder I in retention basins Salzderhelden, leash Salzderhelden lowlands and the North Seenplatte. In the district of Hildesheim lies with the Leineaue under the Rammelsberg an approximately 3 km long stretch of the river in nature reserve. For the most part in the Hannover Region are under the protected areas Leineaue between Ruthe and Koldingen and Old leash with a total length of about 7 km. In addition, the lower reaches consist of leash with the Sundern, the calf and the breaking Helstorfer Backwater three smaller nature reserves. For flora in the protected areas include the plants that are typical of riparian forests, wet meadows and tall herb communities. Some areas in the vicinity of the line, such as in Alfeld are classified as water reserve.

Use

For the production of drinking water, the line is not used, as the accompanying waterworks basic and dam water prefer.

Tourism

The headwaters of the line has been declared a heritage area.

From the source to the mouth of a long distance cycle Leine-Heide Cycle Route was established. This also has connection to the Werra Valley bike path near Witzenhausen or Weserradweg at Hann. Munden and to the R1 cycle in Einbeck and again to the river Weser at Hoya.

Featured cities along or near the line are: Heiligenstadt, Göttingen, Northeim, Einbeck, Alfeld, Hildesheim and Hannover.

Shipping

The line is from Hanover ( weir in Schneller Graben 16.75 km ) to its confluence with the Aller ( km 112.08 ) federal waterway, for up to km 68,00 the Waterways and Shipping Office Brunswick and from there to the mouth of the is water and shipping Authority Verden responsible. From 20.50 to 22.78 km ( Wehr Mr. Hausen ) the waterways of class IV shall apply with limitations of 110.00 km to its confluence with the All Class II Full but ship traffic no longer takes place. Only locally the line is traversed with very small motor boats. Above the line weir in Herrenhausen leash and muzzle range of Ihme of passenger ships and pleasure boats will sail. On the west side of the Maschsee the Fast ditch connects the line with the Ihme. On Schneller Graben, a weir was put into operation to relieve flooding in the leash around and pass the water through the Ihme to Hanover in 1745. After renewal of the weir a certain amount of water is diverted into the artificial rapids trench over the there existing since 1922 hydroelectric power plant ever. The weir is operated to regulate the water level of the line as needed. From here on the ( Ihme ) line is navigable. The line is mainly in the area of landscape protection areas; by the continuous driving on a leash of Hanover is forbidden to All motor boats.

This area via the connecting channel to the leash and the puncture channel Hannover -Linden connection to the Mittelland Canal. Before the opening of the line in the Aller the lock channel of the Allerschleuse Hademstorf empties into the leash in this area Allerschifffahrt runs to 1.54 km through the leash.

During the federal waterway are two barrages, which are equipped with locks. The lock in Herrenhausen, built in 1720, is inoperative. She was completely disintegrated and silted by floods. In the years 1997 to 2000 she has been faithfully restored. A use is not possible because of lying in the underwater Ernst August Canal, which connects from bottom water to the sluice line, is no longer passable. The lock in Neustadt am Ruebenberge, from 1736, is since 2006 by the Water and Shipping Authority shut down. It was used as a self-service lock of rowers occasionally.

Line power plants

In Kreiensen is the pumped storage power plant Erzhausen, the only of its kind in Lower Saxony. It has a rated power of 220 MW.
In Hanover, the water power of the line is used in two hydroelectric power plants with a rated output of 630 kW and 940 kW for the generation of electricity.

Cooling and process water

The CHP Linden is formally at the Ihme, but this leads in this section mainly linen water.
The Sappi paper mill in Alfeld Leine uses water as process water.

Inflows

Among the tributaries of the line include: ( downriver considered, R = right / L = left )

Liene (R) - at Leinefelde
Etzelbach (R) - in Wingerode
Steinbach (R) - in Bodenrode
Geislede (L ) - in Heiligenstadt
Beber (R) - in Heiligenstadt
Lutter (L ) - in uder
Veil Bach ( L) - at low Gandern
Molle (L ) - at Friedland
Dramme (L ) - at Obernjesa
Wendebach (R) - at Niedernjesa
Hurtle (L ) - at Rosdorf
Lutter (R) - in Göttingen
Grone (L ) - in Göttingen
Harste (L ) - at Parensen
Weende (R) - at Angerstein
Rodebach (R) - in Norten -Hardenberg
Espolde (L ) - at Lütgenrode
Bever Bach ( R) - in Norten -Hardenberg
Moore ( L) - in Northeim
Rhume (R) - in Northeim

Bölle (L ) - in Northeim
Ilme (L ) - in Einbeck
Aue (R) - in Kreiensen sharks Hausen
Gande (R) - in Kreiensen
Wispe (L ) - Alfeld - Wispenstein
Warne (R) - in Alfeld
Glene (L ) - in Alfeld
Despe (R) - in Gronau
Saale ( L) - at Elze
Haller ( L) - at Nordstemmen
Rössingbach (R) - at Barnten
Gestorfer Beeke (L ) - at Jeinsen
Innermost (R) - in Sarstedt
Ihme (L ) - Hannover
Foesse (L ) - Hannover
Lohnder Bach ( L) - in Seelze
Westaue (L ) - at Bordenau
Totes Moor ( L) - at Empede
Auter (R) - at Averhoy
Large Beeke (R) - at Vesbeck

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