Leon Lichtenstein

Leon Lichtenstein ( born May 16, 1878 in Warsaw, † August 21 1933 in Zakopane ) was a Polish- German mathematician who worked on the calculus of variations, ordinary and partial differential equations, conformal mapping and potential theory.

Life and work

Lichtenstein visited in Warsaw secondary school and came 1894 to Berlin, where he studied and at the Technische Hochschule in Berlin- Charlottenburg Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (Diploma 1901) at the same time at the University of Berlin mathematics lectures by Hermann Amandus Schwarz, Ferdinand Georg Frobenius, Edmund Landau Friedrich Schottky heard. Even as he worked as an electrical engineer at Siemens & Halske, he won in 1907 after his graduation certificate. In 1908 he graduated as Dr.-Ing. in electrical engineering at the Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg ( " On the theory of electrical cables", Electrical Journal, 1908 ). In 1909 he also received his doctorate in Black at the University of Berlin in mathematics through successive approximation of differential equations ( " On the theory of ordinary differential equations of second order - the solutions as functions of the boundary values ​​and the parameter" ). In 1910 he habilitated. During the First World War, worked as a test engineer at Siemens ( testing of power cables, etc.) and set static and aerodynamic calculations for the Air Force to.

In 1919 he became a full honorary professor at the Technische Hochschule in Berlin- Charlottenburg in 1920 and full professor at the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität in Münster. Since 1922 he was a professor at the University of Leipzig, where he was to be dismissed in 1933 after the handover of power to the Nazis in the German Reich according to the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service as a Jew. Even heart and kidney disease, he died during the semester break on a vacation trip in Poland from the effects of excitement. His funeral urn was buried in the South Cemetery (Leipzig).

In the 1920s he also published a series of studies on equilibrium shapes of rotating fluids with applications to astronomical problems and existence problems of differential equations of hydrodynamics. In his time at Siemens, he also published a series of electrical work. Lichtenstein in 1918 was one of the founders of the " Mathematische Zeitschrift " and from 1919 to 1927 director of the " Yearbook of the progress of mathematics ."

His doctoral include Ernst Hölder, Erich Kähler, Aurel Wintner, Hermann Boerner and Karl Maruhn.

Lichtenstein was a cousin of Norbert Wiener.

Writings

  • Contributions to the theory of cable - studies on the capacity ratios of concentric stranded and multiple cables. Oldenbourg, München 1908.
  • Basics of Hydromechanics. Springer, Berlin, 1929. Reprint 1968.
  • Equilibrium shapes of rotating fluids. Springer, Berlin, 1933.
  • Lectures on some classes of nonlinear integral equations and integro-differential equations and its usage. Springer, Berlin, 1931.
  • Astronomy and Mathematics in their interaction. Mathematical problems in the theory of the figure of the heavenly bodies. 1922, reprint: VDM, Saarbrücken, 2007.

Some of his works are online, including:

  • " On the theory of ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations of second order ", Dissertation 1909
  • "On some existence problems of the calculus of variations - method of infinitely many variables ", Journal of Mathematics, Bd.145, 1914
  • " Studies on the equilibrium shapes of rotating fluids whose particles attract each according to Newton's Law ", Part 1, Mathematical Journal 1918, Part 2, 1920, Part 3 ( figure of the earth )
  • "On the Calculus of Variations I", Göttingen News 1919. Part 2 (" The isoperimetric problem," Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Bd.165, 1931)
  • " Studies on the shape of the heavenly bodies I - The Laplace theory of the shape of the Moon ", Mathematische Zeitschrift in 1920, Part 2, 1920 ( double star ), part 3 (rings ), 1923, part 4, 1923 ( Maxwell's theory of Saturn's rings )
  • " Recent Developments of the potential theory and conformal mapping ", Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences, 1918/9
  • " Recent studies on the theory of partial differential equations second order of elliptic type ", Encyclopaedia of Mathematical Sciences 1924
  • " On the theory of equilibrium shapes of homogeneous liquids ", from the estate, Mathematische Zeitschrift Bd.39, 1935
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