Leonardo Bruni

Leonardo Bruni ( * ca 1369 in Arezzo, † March 9, 1444 in Florence), named after his hometown also Aretino was an Italian humanist and chancellor of Florence.

Life

Leonardo Bruni came from a poor family and came to Florence as a student. Here he was a student of the Greek scholar Manuel Chrysoloras and was accepted into the circle of humanists Coluccio Salutati. By his early mastery especially the Greek language, he argued for the revival of the ancient literary traditions and became one of the main exponents of Renaissance literature. In 1405 he received the office of papal secretary and served in that capacity under the popes Innocent VII, Gregory XII. , Alexander V. and John XXIII. , Whom he accompanied to the Council of Constance. On his return to Florence, he devoted himself to his literary work, in particular the representation of Florentine history. Since 1427 he was the successor of Coluccio Salutati Secretary of State of the Republic of Florence, where he died in 1444. Its created by Bernardo Rosselino tomb is in the church of Santa Croce.

Works

Bruni was the first who created a greater number of Plato Translations: 1404/ 05 Phaedo, Gorgias, 1409, 1423/27 Crito, 1424, the Apology, the Phaedrus 1424, 1427 letters. He also translated Plutarch, Demosthenes and Aeschines. He obtained as a translator of the Nicomachean Ethics as well as the economic and political writings of Aristotle greatest fame. Xenophon's Hellenica he wrote about under the title Commentarius rerum grecarum. In 1410 he wrote a history of Florence under the title Historia del popolo fiorentino ( printed in a Latin translation in 1650 as Historiarum Fiorentinarum libri XII). In addition, he created biographies of Dante Alighieri and Francesco Petrarca in Italian under the title Vite di Dante e Petrarca parallel. The ascribed comedies in Italian Calphurnia et Gurgulia and Commedia political scene have obviously been written by another Leonardo of Arezzo, probably a monk in de la variety.

In his dialogue Ad Petrum Paulum Histrum Bruni began for the literary use of a purely Florentine influenced vernacular and was a pioneer of Italian languages ​​to the 16th century. His treatise De studiis et litteris, a sort of code of academic study, emphasizes the inseparability of tangible knowledge and language culture or literary quality. Bruni refers the women explicitly in its education program, but differs in the question of the items of property worth knowing knowledge between men and women.

Werkausgaben

  • Dialogi ad Petrum Paulum Histrum, ed. by Stefano Ugo Baldassari, Florence, Olschki, 1994 ( with a detailed introduction [ 1-232 ] and bibliography [ 283-290 ] ).
  • Leonardo Bruni: History of the Florentine People, 3 vols, ed. James Hankins, Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass. ) 2001-2007 ( Latin text and English translation)

Internet sources

  • At vulgus et literati Same date modo by Terentii Tullique tempora Romae locuti sint
  • De Bello Italico adversus Gothos
  • De studijs et litteris ad illustrious dominum baptistam de malatesta tractatulus. Leipzig 1496th
  • Epistola ad Baptistam de Malatestis.
Antipope Alexander V Bernardo Rossellino Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence Petrarch Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke Vatican Library Kurt Flasch Integrated Authority File
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