Leopoldo Alas

Leopoldo García- Alas y Ureña Enrique, pseudonym Clarín, ( born April 25, 1852 in Zamora, Spain, † June 13, 1901 in Oviedo, Asturias, Spain ) was a Spanish novelist and journalist. He was professor of Roman Law at the University of Oviedo.

His most famous work is the 1885 published novel La Regenta (German President ). The novel was compared with Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary, which is regarded as adultery and seduction novel. His novel Su único hijo of 1890 (Eng. His only son, 2002) is present in a German translation.

Life

Leopoldo Alas was born as the fourth child of his parents in Zamora, where his father, Jenaro García Alas y Suárez, Gobernador Civil province was (his mother's name was Leocadia ). 1854, the father is transferred to León, where the boy went to a Jesuit school. 1859 it comes after a new transfer of the father back to Oviedo, where Leopoldo Armando Palacio Valdés later writer gets to know in high school. During this time he wrote his first plays that also, playing the two friends themselves. At 16, he published a humorous weekly called " Juan Ruiz ". In 1869 he received the " Bachiller en Artes " ( the Spanish equivalent to the Abitur ) at the same time he sent first article of newspapers and magazines in Madrid, where he went to study law, which he completed in 1871. For a time he also tried it with a degree in " Filosofía y Letras " ( humanities), then made but a law doctorate with a dissertation on " El Derecho y la Moralidad " ( law and morality ); his doctor father was none other than Francisco Giner de los Ríos, the founder of Institución Libre de Enseñanza. This is also the only book that was not published under his pseudonym.

Together with Palacio Valdés and other young intellectuals founded Alas a " Tertulia " in the Cerveceria Inglesa, " Bilis Club" called. They also visited the Ateneo, where they met the older writer Benito Pérez Galdós. In 1872 they founded the magazine " Rabagas ", but was only short-lived. 1874 Leopoldo Alas started professionally in the journal El solfeo to write, where he used his pseudonym " Clarín " ( horn, trumpet) from 1875, after the namesake Graciosofigur from Pedro de Calderón's La vida es sueño, of the " stridulating " not prohibitive allowed. Soon Clarín was also famous for his sharp pen; almost every one of his article was hotly debated, some also triggered scandals. This seems to have been the reason why a first appointment as professor failed for Political Economics and Statistics 1878 to Salamanca, as one of he violently attacked, the Conde de Toreno, Queipo de Llano, the right of final decision was coming for it and this the ranked first passed in favor of the second lined up. 1882 finally Clarín was appointed as Professor of Political Economy and statistics to Saragossa; In the same year he married Onofre García Argüelles y García- Bernardo to return a year later as a professor of Roman Law to Oviedo. 1883 his first son Leopoldo is born, 1887, the second, Adolfo, 1890 his daughter Elisa. When Professor (later also for natural law ) Clarín was known for his austerity and incorruptibility, as well as for its unusual teaching methods: Besides reference books, he also called for the reading of Don Quixote and other literary works. In his spare time he wrote newspaper articles for El Globo, La Ilustración and Madrid Cómico; to the newspapers El Imparcial and Madrid Cómico he sends his " Paliques " biting satirical lyrics that gave him additional enemies. In 1881 he published his literary reviews in book form under the title Solos de Clarín ( Clarins solos ); the foreword is by the later Nobel Prize winner José Echegaray. With 31 years he wrote his masterpiece La Regenta (English: The President ), the second volume was published in 1885. In 1891 he published his second novel, Su único hijo (Eng. His only son, 2002). In the years 1892/93 he was going through a personal crisis full of religious doubt, which was reflected in his story Cambio de Luz. In 1894, he finally tries to play the play Teresa also in the dramatic genre, but obviously was not him; the premiere of the one-act play in prose became a failure. Finally, he tried his hand as a literary translator by Émile Zola, whose work Travail he transferred in months of diligent work in 1901. Already sick and exhausted, Clarín makes once again to create his perfectionism. He writes incessantly, V.A. small articles, to earn his bread and to feed his children. In León, he tried to recover with a relative, but then the doctors diagnose a at that time incurable disease: tuberculosis. On 13 June 1901 he died at the age of just 49 years.

Ideology

Clarín distinguished himself as a biting critic against the conservatism that was liberal, saw himself as a supporter of the Republic and was influenced by Krausismo. For a time he was also active politically and was of the City of Oviedo. In 1898, founded on his initiative, a kind of branch of its university, which made ​​it his goal to give lectures for the general public; Clarín, for example, taught at the Centro Obrero (Workers' Centre) in Oviedo and the Círculo Mercantil in Gijón. He was anti-clerical, but not irreligious. His dedicated newspaper articles against the restorative tendencies of society earned him many difficulties.

Moreover, one can see him as a " literary advocate of feminism ." Alas has a lot of psychology, the school of Charcot, deals and devoted her critical studies. His naturalistic work, he says in an article in El Progreso in 1882: "Today, the novelist seeks his materials, his characters and the form of his works in the world as it is; in it he finds his only source of inspiration. he observes, thinks, compares, generalizes, and then again. "Recognition of his literary rank remained for him but fails long, although he was already famous during his lifetime, but this fame was based more on the scandal success of his novel than on the assessment of the artistic performance which was recognized by only a few ( including Galdós ). Much of it provoked outrage in the conservative Spain, which even his son came to notice during the invasion of the victorious Franco's troops ( Rector of the University of Oviedo ), as he - had to lose his life - for the " sins " of his father. Only since the end of Franco's regime, there was a Clarín Renaissance; one has his major work, La Regenta, called the " Spanish Madame Bovary ".

Work

Essays

  • Solos de Clarín (1881 )
  • La literatura en 1881 (1882)
  • Sermon perdido (1885 )
  • Nueva campaña (1887 )
  • Ensayos y revistas (1892 )
  • Palique (1894 )

Novels

  • La Regenta ( 1884-85 ), German: " The President ", Suhrkamp Island in 1986, 1987, 1991, ISBN 3-458-16162-7, ISBN 978-3-518-37890-8, ISBN 3-518-37890 -2
  • Su único hijo (1890), German: " His only son ", Suhrkamp Island 2002, ISBN 978-3-458-17104-1

Stories and novellas

  • Dos sabios
  • El dúo de la tos
  • El gallo de Socrates
  • En el tren
  • En la Droguería
  • Un voto
  • Adiós, Cordera
  • Boroña
  • Cuentos morales
  • Cuervo
  • De la Comisión
  • Doble vía
  • Angelic Doctor
  • Don Paco del Empaque
  • Doña Berta
  • El Señor y lo demás son cuentos
  • El doctor Pertinax
  • El libro y la viuda
  • El oso mayor
  • El sombrero del cura
  • Medalla - de perro chico
  • PIPA
  • Speraindeo
  • Superchería
  • Tambor y gaita
  • Un candidato
  • Un repatriado
Abolished monarchy Jean-Martin Charcot Francisco Franco Ibero-American Institute Berlin Integrated Authority File
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