Liaison (French)

In French (and partly also in other languages ​​) denotes Liaison ( French for ' binding ') the occurrence of ( in other contexts ) that does not exist consonant at the end of a word when the following word anlautet with a vowel and forms with the preceding one phonetic unit. Is a Sandhi phenomenon.

Applications

We distinguish:

Mandatory Liaison

  • Within the noun phrase, the liaison is required between the noun preceding determinants and the noun ( also between the determinants): les enfants ‿, deux ‿ ours "
  • Between a personal pronoun or an indefinite pronoun and the verb: nous avons ‿, elles ‿ aiment in inversion: ont - ils, allons -y
  • In certain fixed phrases: c'est -à -dire ‿, de temps en temps ‿, États -Unis ‿, non - ‿ aggression, petit à petit ‿, peut -être ‿, le pied -à -terre ‿, premier ‿ avril

The optional Liaison

If the liaison is not prohibited or required, it can be carried out mainly in cultivated language. Especially frequently it is the metric presentation ( poems, songs ).

Optional is the liaison among others in the following cases:

  • After prepositions: sous un abri
  • By modifying adverb: pas encore trop heureux, très aimable

The impossible Liaison

Not allowed is the liaison:

  • For specific words such as et, toujours, verse
  • After a singular noun: sujet intéressant, un savant anglais (as opposed to un savant ‿ Anglais with savant as an adjective )
  • If the word ends in more than one consonant, of which only the last is dumb: il perd un ami, depending prends part à votre deuil
  • In certain fixed phrases: nez à nez, corps à corps
  • Against certain words that start with a silent h ( aspirated h): les haricots, ils halètent, les handicapés
  • Before prepositional complement within nominal groups,
  • Arrivent les femmes: between noun and verb
  • Between interrogative pronoun and verb,
  • After the ending of the second person singular: tu parles aimablement
Lyric poetry
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