Lisp

Lisp (from Old High German lispen = lisp, originally onomatopoeic ) is the name for the articulation disorder sibilant s ( [s ], [ z] ), sch ( [ ʃ ] ) and ch ( [ ç ] ). It is a form of dyslalia. It is valid in the German language as speech errors.

Forms of lisp

Most commonly affects the sound [ s], referred to as Sigmatismus ( derived from the Greek letter sigma ). The s is usual with the tongue behind the teeth of the alveoli ( German: tooth socket ) is formed. Depending on the wrong education center is a Sigmatismus addentalis (formation on the teeth ) and Sigmatismus distinguished interdentalis ( formation between the teeth). A Sigmatismus addentalis similar to the "hard" English th ( voiceless dental fricative ). More s malformations arise, for example by the lateral flow past the air we breathe to the tongue edges ( Sigmatismus lateralis) or with excessive breath pressure articulate, strong whistling and / or hissing s- sound ( Sigmatismus stridens ). It also happens a lisp on the palate, the tongue sometimes the air flow stops completely, so that the fricative ends abruptly. The speaker becomes less understandable.

The disturbance of the "sh" is referred to as Schetismus that the "ch" as Chitismus.

Causes

The sibilants are the " most difficult " sounds of the German language and are therefore not acquired until the end of primary language development correctly. Until then, sibilant disorders are usually considered normal ( so-called physiological dyslalia ). As possible causes should be ruled out (especially in high frequency range ) especially hearing impairment. Jaw and teeth misalignments or gaps favoring a faulty phonation. In connection with a myo fault occurs also heaped a dyslalia the sibilants. Also paralysis in switches or Zungen-/Kieferveränderungen by tumors can affect the sibilant education.

Temporary causes

Lisp may also have temporary causes, such as if you speak the first day with a loose braces and thereby hinders the tongue or other objects do this. This is not a cause for concern, and dissolves in a rule (with braces) by itself or by the removal of the object in the mouth.

Therapy

The lisp can usually be treated successfully. Because of the dentition in childhood therapy is indicated previously mainly because of the physiological dyslalia then only after the change of teeth in the anterior region.

Comic

In animated films such as Maya the Bee, Duffy Duck, The Blue Elise, Mighty B! Here comes Bessie and Ice Age lisp some figures.

Prominent examples

Katja Burkard, presenter at RTL is known for its intercom error. By his own admission does not bother them but this.