List of ancient Platonists

This list captures well-known representatives and recipients of Platonism from Antiquity to the Renaissance.

Although Platonism has experienced until the end of antiquity various transformations, can so far be consistently spoken of a school, as the works of Plato Platonists were binding for all reference points. In Plato founded the Academy in Athens was to the first century BC, an institutional continuity.

The list shows the ancient representative of Platonism and the recipient (heavily influenced by Platonism thinkers ) are listed separately, in chronological order. However, since the survival data are partly unknown, uncertain, or not be determined accurately and contemporaries various chronological order criteria come into consideration ( year of birth, year of death, time of greatest productivity), a reliable and consistent chronological order is not always possible. For the Platonists, which did not belong to the Academy, and its main activity places (if known ) are given. The Scholarchen (school heads ) of the Platonic Academy and the late antique Neoplatonic school of philosophy in Athens this office is indicated.

Many Christian, Jewish and Muslim philosophers and theologians -received Platonism more or less intense. This list only those led by them, for a particularly strong imprint of Platonic ideas is characteristic. As they stood on the floor of their own, only partially agree with the Platonism religious traditions, they are listed here not as an agent but as recipients of Platonism, although it is customary to refer to some of them traditionally as a Platonist or Neoplatonist.

• 2.1 Christian Philosophy
• 2.2 Jewish Philosophy
• 2.3 Islamic philosophy

Representative of Platonism

Members of the Platonic Academy

Older Academy

• Speusippus (c. 410/407, † 339/338 ) - first Scholarch the Academy ( 348/347 - 339/338 )

• Eudemus of Cyprus ( † 353)

• Eudoxus of Cnidus (* probably 397/390, † probably 345/338 ) - membership in the Academy uncertain, but probably close contact with her

• Axiothea of Phlius ( mid 4th century )

• Lastheneia of Mantinea ( mid 4th century )

• Xenocrates of Chalcedon (* 396/395, † 314/313 ) - second Scholarch ( 339/338 - 314/313 )

• Menedemus of Pyrrha (* 390, † after 338 )

• Heraclides Ponticus (c. 390, † after 322)

• Aristotle (* 384, † 322) - membership in the Academy and local teaching, but later turning away from Platonism

• Philip of Opus ( 4th century )

• Crantor of Soli († 276/275 )

• Polemon of Athens (c. 350, † probably 270/269 ) - third Scholarch ( 314/313 - 270/269 )

• Crates of Athens ( † 268/264 ) - fourth Scholarch ( 270/269 - 268/264 )

Younger ( " skeptical " ) Academy

• Arcesilaus of Pitane (* 315, † 241/240 ) - fifth Scholarch ( 268/264 - 241/240 )

• Lacydes of Cyrene ( probably † 207) - sixth Scholarch ( 241/240 - probably 224/223 )

• Eratosthenes (* 276/273 † for 194) - as a philosopher, Platonist, formed in Athens, but probably not a regular member of the Academy

• Hege sine of Pergamon ( first half of the 2nd century BC) - Scholarch

• Carneades of Cyrene ( Carneades the Elder, * 214/213, † 129/128 ) - Scholarch (before 155-137 / 136)

• Carneades the Younger ( † 131/130 ) - Scholarch ( 137/136 - 131/130 )

• Crates of Tarsus († 127/126 ) - Scholarch ( 131/130 - 127/126 )

• Aeschines of Neapolis (2nd half of the 2nd century BC)

• Kleitomachos (* probably 187/186, † 110/109 ) - Scholarch ( 127/126 - 110/109 )

• Metrodorus of Stratonikeia (* probably 170/165, † after 110 )

• Charmadas (* probably 168/167, † 102/91 )

• Philo of Larissa (* 159/158, † 84/83 ) - latest Scholarch ( 110/109 - 88)

Mittelplatoniker

• Antiochus of Ascalon (* probably 140/125, † probably 68) - Scholarch founded his own school in Athens, which he called in order to distinguish from the "skeptical " Academy " Old Academy "; Affiliation debatable for Mittelplatonismus

• Aristos of Ascalon († 46/45 BC) - second and last Scholarch founded by his brother Antiochus of Ascalon school; Affiliation debatable for Mittelplatonismus

• Ariston of Alexandria ( 1st century BC) - belonged to the " Old Academy " of Antiochus of Ascalon, but later turned from Platonism and became a Peripatetic

• Derkylides ( probably the first half of the 1st century BC)

• Eudorus of Alexandria ( 1st century BC, probably Alexandria )

• Thrasyllos († 36; Rome, Capri )

• Ammonius (c. 5 AD, † 85 AD; Athens )

• Plutarch of Chaeronea (* 45, † probably 120/130; Chaeronea, Athens )

• Lucius ( 1st century or first half of the 2nd century )

• Nicomachus of Gerasa (1st or 2nd century)

• Gaios (* probably around 75, † probably after 130 )

• Theon of Smyrna († after 132 )

• Lucius Kalbenos Tauros (c. 105; Athens )

• Aelianus (probably 2nd century )

• Alcinous (probably 2nd century )

• Hierax (probably 2nd century )

• Albinos (around the middle of the 2nd century; Smyrna )

• Klaudios Nikostratos (around the middle of the 2nd century )

• Numenius of Apamea (around the middle of the 2nd century, probably Apamea )

• Kronios (around the middle of the 2nd century )

• Apuleius (c. 123, † probably after 170, Athens, Rome, Carthage )

• Harpocration of Argos (2nd half of the 2nd century )

• Atticus (2nd half of the 2nd century )

• Maximus of Tyre (late 2nd century; Tyre, Rome)

• Kelso (late 2nd century )

• Severo (probably 2nd or early 3rd century)

• Democritus ( † before 268)

• Longinus (c. 212, † 272, Alexandria, Athens )

• Ptolemy (probably third century)

Transition from Mittelplatonismus to Neoplatonism

• Ammonius Sakkas († 242/243, Alexandria )

• Origen († probably later than 268; Alexandria )

Neoplatonists

• Plotinus (* 205, † 270, Alexandria, Rome)

• Amelio Gentilianos (* probably 216/226, † probably 290/300, Rome, Apamea )

• Castrizius Firmus ( 3rd century; Rome)

• Cornelius Labeo (probably 2nd half of the 3rd century )

• Porphyry (c. 233, † 301/305, Athens, Rome, Lilybaeum )

• Alexander von Lykonpolis (late 3rd century; probably Alexandria and Lykonpolis )

• Iamblichus of Chalcis (c. 240/245 † for 320/325; probably Apamea )

• Sopatros of Apamea († 330/337; Apamea, Konstantin Opel )

• Theodoros of Asine (* probably around 275/280, † probably later than 360; Rome, probably later Apamea )

• Aidesios (* 280/290, † 352/355; probably Apamea, later Pergamon )

• Eustathius (* probably the end of the 3rd century, † after 362, probably Apamea, later Cappadocia )

• Sosipatra (* probably around 300, † after 362, Cappadocia, Pergamon )

• Priscus (* probably before 305, † probably 395/396, Pergamon, Athens, Constantinople Opel )

• Maximus of Ephesus (c. 310, † 372, Pergamon, Ephesus, Constantinople Opel )

• Chrysanthios of Sardis (c. 310, † 390, Pergamon, Ephesus, Sardis )

• Themistius (c. 317, † after 388; Konstantin Opel ) - Platonism and Aristotelianism connects

• Dexippos ( 4th century, probably Apamea )

• Salustios ( 4th century )

• Tiberianus ( 4th century )

• Eusebius of Myndos ( mid 4th century; Pergamon )

• Eunapius of Sardis (* 347/349, † after 414, Athens, Sardis )

• Plutarch of Athens (c. 350 to 432 †; Athens ) - first Scholarch the Neoplatonic school of philosophy in Athens

• Hypatia (* 355, † 415/416, Alexandria )

• Macrobius (* probably around 385/390, † probably after 430)

• Syrianos ( † about 437, Athens ) - Scholarch

• Hierocles of Alexandria (1st half of the 5th century, Athens, Alexandria )

• Olympiodorus the Elder ( * first half of the 5th century, Alexandria )

• Domninos of Larissa ( the 5th century, Athens, Laodicea )

• Proclus (* 412, † 485, Athens ) - Scholarch

• Hermias of Alexandria (5th century, Athens, Alexandria )

• Archiadas ( † after 485, Athens )

• Pericles of Lydia (5th century, Athens )

• Marinos of Neapolis (* probably around 440, † after 486, Athens, Epidaurus ) - Scholarch

• Zenodotos (late 5th century, Athens )

• Hegias (late 5th and early 6th century, Athens )

• Agapios of Athens ( † after 511, Athens )

• Ammonius Hermeiou (* 440, † probably after 517, Athens, Alexandria )

• Isidor (* probably 445/450, † 517/526, Athens, Alexandria ) - Scholarch

• Asklepiodotos of Alexandria ( † before 526; Athens, Aphrodisias )

• Priskianos Lydos ( † after 532; Athens, later perhaps Carrhae )

• Damascius (* 462, † after 538, Alexandria, Athens, and later perhaps Carrhae ) - latest Scholarch

• Eutocius (* late 5th century, † 1st half of the 6th century, Alexandria )

• Simplicius (* 490, † 560, Alexandria, Athens, and later perhaps Carrhae )

• Olympiodorus the Younger ( † after 565, Alexandria )

• Asclepius of Tralles ( 6th century; Alexandria )

Not classified

• Manaichmos - can be temporally classified and assigned to any direction within the Platonism

Pagan late Byzantine Platonist

• Georgios Gemistos Plethon (c. 1355/1360, † 1452; Konstantin Opel, Mystras, participation in the Council of Ferrara / Florence 1438-1439 )

Recipient of Platonism

Christian Philosophy

Antiquity

• Justin Martyr († 165)

• Athenagoras of Athens (2nd half of the 2nd century )

• Clement of Alexandria ( * probably around the middle of the 2nd century, † in the early 3rd century)

• Origen (c. 185/186 † for 253/254 )

• Marius Victorinus (* 281/291, † after 363)

• Augustine of Hippo ( * 354, † 430)

• Synesius of Cyrene (c. 370, † after 412)

• Calcidius (probably late 4th and early 5th century)

• Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (late 6th century 5./frühes )

• Boethius (c. 480/485, † 524/526 )

• John Philoponus (c. 490, † 575 )

• David ( 6th century )

• Elias ( 6th century )

Middle Ages

• Erigena ( 9th century )

• Michael Psellos ( † after 1077 )

• John Italo (11th century)

• Bernard of Chartres ( † after 1124 )

• William of Conches (c. 1080/1090, † after 1154 )

• Thierry of Chartres ( † around 1155/1156 )

• Bernardus Silvestris († probably after 1159 )

• Dietrich von Freiberg (c. 1240/1245, † after 1310, probably around 1318/1320 )

• Meister Eckhart (c. 1260 † 1327/1328 )

• Berthold of Moosburg ( † after 1360 )

Humanism

• Nicholas of Cusa (* 1401 † 1464, attendance at the Council of Basel)

• Bessarion (* 1403 † 1472, attendance at the Council of Ferrara / Florence 1438-1439 )

• Marsilio Ficino (* 1433, † 1499 )

• Francesco Cattani da Diacceto (* 1466, † 1522)

• Francesco Patrizi (* 1529, † 1597)

Jewish Philosophy

• Philo of Alexandria ( * in the late 1st century BC, † around the middle of the 1st century AD)

• Isaac ben Solomon Israeli (* 840/850 † for 932)

• Solomon ibn Gabirol (* 1021/1022, † around 1057 )

• Yehuda ben Isaac Abravanel ( Leone Ebreo, * 1460, † after 1521 )

Islamic Philosophy

• Al -Kindi ( 9th century )

• Al- Razi (c. 854, † 925 or 935 )

• Al -Farabi (c. 870, † 950 )

• Avicenna ( Ibn Sina, * 980, † 1037 )

• Al- Suhrawardi al - Maqtul (* 1154, † 1191 )