Local derby
The term Derby ( British pronunciation [ dɑ bɪ ː ] or U.S. American [ dɜrbi ] ), often also local derby refers to a host in a team sport in which two rival most sports clubs in a region meet. For the fans of the clubs concerned such events often have a high symbolic significance.
The best known examples of football derbies are known as the Old Firm Glasgow duel between Celtic FC and Rangers FC and the putative superclásico match between Boca Juniors and River Plate in Buenos Aires. One of the most famous German Derby is the local derby between the two clubs Borussia Dortmund and FC Schalke 04, which argue for decades to the rank of the best football team of the Ruhr area. However, the franc Derby between 1 FC Nuremberg and SpVgg Greuther Fürth in Germany is the most commonly discharged Derby. In Austria, the Vienna derby between Rapid and Austria is probably the most famous example. It is named after the Old Firm the second most frequently discharged football derby in Europe.
An example of a Derby in any other sport than football, the New York Subway Series in Major League Baseball.
Etymology
The term " Derby " is in the context of team sports on a medieval " sporting event " - the " Shrovetide Football Game " - back in England. Participants were residents of neighboring communities of the village of Ashbourne in Derbyshire region. In the game of " derby village" concern was that the players tried with a ball the opponent's goal - a millstone - to touch. The distance of each other millstones was about 3 miles. Neither the rules of the game, nor the number of players (some up to 1000 participants) were precisely defined. The first detectable football derby of the Modern in 1866 held in Nottingham between two of the oldest football clubs in the world, between Nottingham Forest (founded in 1865) and Notts County ( founded in 1862 ).
Today's use
The term " Derby " is nowadays used in different ways. In German, it is almost exclusively for games between club teams, in the Anglo -Saxon one speaks of Derby as well at major internationals such as Scotland against England and Austria against Hungary. The length of the tip football in the national space has resulted in Germany in time to an ever inflationäreren use of the term. Duels of clubs from common regions or federal states are already described by the media, but also by the clubs themselves generally as " Derby ", even between relatively widely spaced clubs like FC Bayern Munich and VfB Stuttgart ( SUEDDerby ), Werder Bremen and Hamburger SV ( derby ) or teams from the DDR - Oberliga (East Derbys ). Terms such as North-South Derby ( for the duel between Hamburger SV and FC Bayern Munich ) show that the term is now sometimes used as a synonym for a general prestigious tradition duel.
Types of derbies
City derbies
The city of Derby is the duel between two clubs from the same city. Often it is about the regional hegemony, the unofficial city championship, between two districts. An example is the derby between the two top Italian clubs AC Milan and Inter Milan.
The most famous derby in Germany since the founding of the Munich Bundesliga expected duel between Bayern Munich and TSV 1860 München be because both clubs for a long time - were jointly represented in the highest league - a total of 18 seasons. Another well-known city of Derby is the Hamburg city derby between Hamburger SV and FC St. Pauli. More League City derbies, there were between Hertha BSC and Tennis Borussia Berlin, VfB Stuttgart and the Stuttgart Kickers, VfL Bochum and SG Wattenscheid 09 and the first FC Cologne and SC Fortuna Köln.
Is internationally known, inter alia, the Merseyside derby at Liverpool. A special feature is that the two stages of the respective competitors Liverpool FC and Everton FC less than a kilometer apart are separated only by a park. Furthermore, the rivalry between the two clubs with the home stadium of FC Liverpool, the stadium at Anfield Road is connected, because it was originally built for the Everton was founded in 1878. 1892, the lease but was increased such that the preferred club to move to Goodison Park and the stadium owners founded Liverpool.
Regional derby between two neighboring towns
In addition to competition within a city, there are also rivalries with neighboring places. This is especially the case when it is comparatively small towns or the competition in the city for a "real" rivalry is not sufficient. Thus, for example, matches between clubs that are located in the Rhineland, called Rheinische derbies or duels between cities in the Ruhr area as a local derby. This contention may already exist for several centuries and continue in the duels of two football clubs. So in case of the two clubs in Lower Saxony Hannover 96 and Eintracht Braunschweig, rivaling their home towns for centuries in the economic and political field and who are united in one state only been a relatively short time.
As the longest established regional derby in Germany, the Franconian derby between SpVgg Greuther Fuerth (formerly SpVgg Fürth ) and the 1st FC Nuremberg are considered. In 256 encounters (as of: April 21, 2013), the two teams since 1903 met already in the 1910s and 1920s and again early 1950 counted it to hochklassigsten derbies in Germany.. The mutual dislike to one another is well illustrated by an anecdote from this period: For international game on 21 April 1924 in Amsterdam against the Netherlands, the DFB had called only Fürth and Nuremberg players. They traveled in the same train on and off, but the Nuremberg and Fürth on the first player in the last car.
Derby related to political and religious influences
The volatile nature reigns at Derby, in which not only meet two clubs, but also supported by the two respective groups of supporters world-views with each other. Thus, the Hamburg derby FC St. Pauli is used against Hamburger SV again from politically oriented groups of supporters as a platform for a duel of (left ) alternative scene against their view, right-wing scene of HSV. The same could not be in Berlin in games of Tennis Borussia Berlin against another of the big three clubs in Berlin (Hertha BSC 1 FC Union Berlin or BFC Dynamo ) observe, however, is the importance and magnitude as in Hamburg.
Due to the high political influence on the sport in the GDR Derby had there also a politically explosive that was also transported to the present day. In essence, these differences are based on the notion of the East German leadership to join the sporting potential in so-called power centers, which resulted in the end, that some clubs enjoyed special privileges and subsidies, while the others in the region settled teams could lose out. This was reflected, for example, in Leipzig between 1 FC locomotive and Chemie Leipzig or in the Thuringian derby between FC Carl Zeiss Jena and FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt. Especially come to the fore the tensions in the East Berlin city derby between 1.FC Union Berlin and the BFC Dynamo. Union was considered as an association of workers and critics of the regime, while the - sponsored by Erich Mielke - BFC in the eyes of many fans was just the " Stasi club."
In addition to political and religious views separate the two teams Fanlager each other. The most common example of this is the " Old Firm " called Glasgow Celtic FC as a duel between the association of Catholics and Rangers FC as a club of the Protestants. Alongside this game also has a political aspect. Thus, in the Fan - blocks are the Celtic fans, pivoted on the basis of the Celtic and Irish roots of the club, Irish flags, by the fans of the Rangers of the Union Jack is presented ( the flag of the United Kingdom ).
Derby related to class differences
In Austria there is a strong rivalry between the Viennese clubs FK Austria Wien and SK Rapid Wien. The Vienna derby results not only from the local area, added still strong ideological differences: Rapid considered as an association of the working class, Austria as an association of the bourgeoisie. DC was the case originally in Graz derby between SK Sturm Graz (originally working class ) and the Grazer AK (originally academics club ). Similarly, the city of Derby in Zurich is traditionally a discussion of workers' clubs (FC Zurich ) with a civic association ( Grasshoppers Zurich ). These boundaries are blurred but increasingly, because of the social mixing with visitors and because of the association policy.
Derby in the context of disasters and violence
If particularly strong emotions are involved, violent clashes are likely. Almost every Derby is a challenge for the security forces. El superclásico, the " Super Derby " in Buenos Aires between clubs River Plate and Boca Juniors is one of the most explosive derby football world. Often enough, the energy erupted into violence. 1994 was River Plate the game 2-0 to decide for themselves what led to one of the leaders of the Boca fans gave the murder of two fans of River Plate in order. The cynical remark, which was to be found in the Argentine television and as graffiti in the city, simply read, " Empatamos ", "we have balanced at 2-2 ". Already died in June 1968 at the River Plate match against Boca Juniors 73 people and over 150 were injured when an exit was closed and the masses ever tried to leave the stadium.
In Germany, there have been violent clashes at football derbies, for example between FC Schalke 04 and Borussia Dortmund, 1.FC Köln and Borussia Mönchengladbach, Hamburger SV and Werder Bremen or Kickers Offenbach and Eintracht Frankfurt. In the 90 years the violence and the hooligan problem, however, has shifted to the lower leagues, so it rarely comes into the professional leagues to arguments (such as the Berlin -Brandenburg- derby between Hertha BSC and Energie Cottbus in March 2007 or in May of the same year at the derby ).
As part of East Berlin Derby between the BFC Dynamo and Union Berlin in May 2006, it also led to serious riots, as during the game the BFC appendix stormed the pitch and tried to access the Gästefanblock ( were in the housed the Union fans ) to procure. The Union Block then fled from the stadium. The game was stopped and counted in retrospect 2-0 Union Berlin.