Local history
The school subject History originally referred to the nahräumlich geographically - influenced curricula of elementary and primary school. In many countries, local history has been replaced as the school education through social studies and science. There are also combinations, such as the home and social studies. History, however, is still a common regional trade term, such as in many cantons of Switzerland.
History
History was widely used as a term for the general education especially the youngest pupils in the 19th century. Important representatives of the History were CW Harnisch (1787-1864) and AF finger ( 1808-1888 ). At that time History was not yet unified in its mediation content and was also called object lesson. History was prohibited in Prussia with the Stiehl 's regulatives 1854 as part of the restoration after the democratic revolution of 1848. Since 1908 History was binding in the elementary schools.
Weimar Republic
History was in the Weimar Republic for the first time recognized in Germany by a policy subject. Despite the efforts of some of Hugo Conwentz History was often based on rural idyll and could offer no realistic orientation to the present problems. Only Fritz goose mountain tried as metropolitan History at the beginning of the 20th century to open the History of Contemporary issues. However, it outweighed the influence of Eduard Spranger direction of the local history, the advocated a "spiritual root sense " and " ground connection ". However, since the beginning of the 20th century concepts of working school were represented and incorporated from this perspective in the History classroom.
National Socialism
The History was taken over almost seamlessly into their contents at the time of National Socialism. During this time, only additional special holidays such as Memorial Day, Midsummer Fire Festival and Hitler's birthday were inserted into the local history topics. Otherwise, designed as a total taught History classes remained largely as in the Weimar Republic.
Federal Republic of
Even after the Second World War History in the Federal Republic of Germany recognized the central compartment of the heimatkundlichen total teaching elementary school. Only in the 60s the tray was replaced first by expert knowledge and later through social studies. Criticism of the History was referring to ideological overload, geographic narrowness, lack of scientific rigor and strong orientation towards rural idyll instead of problems of the present. The term History was abandoned in the curriculum since 1969. However, in some states remained combination formulas such as home and social studies ( HuS ).
GDR
In the GDR History was up to its end in 1989 as a discipline of teaching German part of the lower grades curricula in grades 1 to 4 History (Introduction to the social life and knowledge of the nature / nature observations) in recent curriculum generations into two courses subdivided. In grades 3 and 4 she was preparing for the lessons in geography, biology and history in class 5.
Switzerland
History provides the basic Swiss (CH: Primary School 1st to 5th / 6th grade ) prior knowledge of geography, history and biology, which is used in the advanced level in these same subjects. History is next language ( German ) and numeracy (mathematics) one of the three scoring subjects in Swiss primary school. Other Swiss regions use this Content other trade names such as " Nature - Man - contemporaries ".
Austria
In Austria History was a school subject in elementary school all four classes until the 1970s. It seemed to focus on the immediate environment of the students. Today this knowledge is taught in social studies classes. The term is now often used in conjunction with local museums ( museum of local history ).