Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports

The Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports is the owner of the oldest military office in England. He represents the British monarch in the Cinque Ports, an alliance of five originally, now 14 port towns in Kent and Sussex. Today the office is, however, still very prominent, sinecure.

History

The Office exists at least since the 12th century, perhaps it is even older. Connected to the function is the office of Constable of Dover Castle, which was created before the Norman invasion. The respective Lord Warden is also also Admiral of the Cinque Ports.

In the Middle Ages and in early modern times the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports had broad authority in southeast England. He was responsible for the collection of taxes, the arrest of offenders and the service of writs in the field of Cities of the Cinque Ports. Furthermore, it was to a share in flotsam. Finally, he had adjudicatory tasks but mainly to the arbitration and the military sector were limited.

Due to the large degree of autonomy from the crown of the Lord Warden has long been regarded as the most important ruler in England after the king. In his sphere of influence fell after the enlargement of the Cinque Ports in the 15th century almost the whole of Kent and Sussex. Until the 19th century, also posted from the member cities MPs were appointed or confirmed by the respective Lord Warden.

Because of the concentration of functions and powers in Parliament and monarch, the influence of the Lord Wardens decreased over the following centuries. In addition, the importance and the economic power of the Cinque Ports declined.

The importance of position but will also be recognized at this time that the office was later awarded mainly to members of the royal family and high nobles also to Prime Minister. As a rule, these were persons who had participated in a prominent position in time of war in the defense of the United Kingdom. Only three out of a total of 158 incumbents were far commoner. Transmission is for life.

Since 1708 Walmer Castle in Deal serves as the official residence of the Lord Warden.

Flag

The Flag of the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports takes up the motif of the coat of arms of the Cinque Ports. It is the second oldest coat of arms of England. It is attested, showing three border lions and three hulls, which merge into one another since 1305. The mast facing ( liekseitige ) part of the flag contains a personal symbol of the Lord Wardens.

List of Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports

12th Century

  • Henry d' Essex (ca. 1150-54 )

13th Century

  • William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey 1204-06 and 1214
  • Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent in 1215
  • Geoffery de Lucy 1224 (1230)
  • William de Averanch 1226
  • Robert de Ayberville 1228
  • Peter de Rivaux 1232-34
  • Walerland Teutonicus 1235
  • Bertram de Crioill 1236-1255 (with interruptions )
  • Henry pants
  • Lord de Segrove
  • Peter of Savoy in 1241
  • Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham 1255
  • Sir Roger Northwode
  • Nicholas de Möls 1258
  • Richard de Grey 1258
  • Hugh de Bigod 1259-60
  • Nicholas de Croill 1260
  • Robert de whales edge 1261
  • Walter de Burgsted 1262
  • Hamo de Crevequer 1263
  • Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford about 1264?
  • Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster?
  • Henry de Sandwich
  • John de Haia?
  • Sir Roger de Leybourne?
  • Henry de Montfort in 1264?
  • Matthew de Hastings 1265
  • Edward " Longshanks ", Earl of Chester 1265
  • Sir Matthew de Bezille 1266
  • Stephen de Pencester 1267-71, then intermittently until 1298
  • Robert de Burghersh, 1st Baron Burghersh 1299-1306

14th Century

  • Henry Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham 1307
  • Robert de Kendall 1307
  • Henry Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham 1315
  • Bartholomew Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere 1320
  • Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester 1320
  • Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent in 1321
  • Sir John Peche in 1323
  • Ralph Basset, 3rd Baron Basset de Drayton 1325
  • Bartholomew de Burghersh, 1st Baron Burghersh 1327
  • William Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon 1330
  • Bartholomew de Burghersh, 1st Baron Burghersh 1348
  • Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March 1355
  • John Baron Beauchamp 1359
  • Sir Robert de Herle 1361
  • Baron Spigurnell 1364
  • Sir Richard de Peinbrugge
  • Andrew de Guldeford
  • Lord Lalymer
  • Sir Thomas Pure
  • Edmund of Langley, Earl of Cambridge 1376
  • Sir Robert Assheton 1381
  • Sir Simon de Burley 1384
  • John Devereux, 2nd Baron Devereux 1387
  • John Beaumont, 4th Baron Beaumont 1392
  • Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York 1396
  • John Beaufort, 1st Marquess of Dorset 1398
  • Sir Thomas Erpynham 1399

15th Century

16th century

  • Sir Edward Poynings 1509
  • George Neville, 3rd Lord Abergavenny ( appointed, resigned before the introduction )
  • Sir Edward Guilford ( 1474/9-1534 )
  • George Boleyn, 2nd Viscount Rochford ( 1533)
  • Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset
  • Sir Thomas Cheney 1535-1558
  • Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle 1539-1542
  • Sir Thomas Seymour, 1545, together with Cheney
  • William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham
  • Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham (son of the previous incumbent ) 1597

17th Century

  • Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton 1604-1614
  • Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset 1614-1615
  • Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche 1615-1625
  • George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham 1625-1628
  • Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk 1628-1640
  • James Stewart, 4th Duke of Lennox 1641-1642
  • Sir Edward Boys 1642-1646
  • Major John Boys 1646-1648
  • Sir Algernon Sidney 1648-1651
  • Colonel Thomas Kelsey 1651-1656
  • Admiral Robert Blake 1656-1657
  • Heneage Finch, 3rd Earl of Winchelsea 1660
  • James Stuart, Duke of York and Albany, 1660-1673
  • Colonel John Beaumont 1673-1691
  • Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney 1691-1702

18th century

  • George of Denmark, Duke of Cumberland 1702-1708
  • Lionel Sackville, 7th Earl of Dorset 1708-1712
  • James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde 1712-1715
  • John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester 1717-1727
  • Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset 1727-1765
  • Robert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holdernesse 1765-1778
  • Frederick North, Lord North ( since 1790 2nd Earl of Guilford ) 1778-1792
  • William Pitt the Younger 1792-1806

19th century

  • Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool 1806-1827
  • Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington 1829-1852
  • James Andrew Broun - Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie 1853-1860
  • Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston 1860-1865
  • Granville George Leveson - Gower, 2nd Earl Granville 1865-1891 (not implemented? )
  • William Henry Smith in 1891 (not implemented? )
  • Frederick Hamilton -Temple - Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava from 1892 to 1895
  • Robert Gascoyne - Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury 1895-1903

20th century

  • George Curzon, 1st Baron Curzon of Kedleston 1904-1905
  • Prince George, Prince of Wales 1905-1907
  • Thomas Brassey, 1st Earl Brassey 1908-1913
  • William Lygon, 7th Earl Beauchamp from 1913 to 1934
  • Rufus Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading 1934-1935
  • Freeman Freeman -Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon 1936-1941
  • Sir Winston Churchill 1941-1965
  • Sir Robert Menzies, Australian Prime Minister 1966-1978
  • Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother 1978-2002

21st Century

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