Lörrach (district)
The Lörrach district located in the extreme southwest of the federal state of Baden -Württemberg ( Germany ) and is bordered to the south by Switzerland (cantons of Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft and Aargau ) and to the west by the Alsace (France ) and in the north by the district of Breisgau high Black Forest and on the east by the district of Waldshut. He is a Customs frontier district.
The county is part of the administrative district of Freiburg and the Regional Association Upper Rhine and Lake Constance.
- 3.1 Kreistag
- 3.2 District
- 3.3 Coat of Arms
- 4.1 traffic 4.1.1 road
- 4.1.2 rail
- 4.1.3 vessel traffic
- 4.1.4 Aviation
- 7.1 Cities and Towns before the district reform
Geography
The meadow valley ( named after the river " meadow ", with the old genitive form in-n the weak declension of nouns: " Meadows" ) and a north-eastern part of the county is part of the Black Forest and pulls herself up to the Feldberg, the highest mountain in the Black Forest. To the west lie the vineyards of Markgraefler hill country, in the south of Dinkelberg. Between Dinkelberg and Swiss Jura, the Hochrheintal moved to the west and widens to Basel northward to the Upper Rhine Valley from.
History
Until 1803, the present district area belonged mainly to western Austria and the Margraviate of Baden. Smaller areas belonged to the Prince-Bishopric of Basel and the Teutonic Order.
The district of Lörrach was created in its present limits by the district reform on 1 January 1973. At that time, the former district of Lörrach was combined with some communities of the counties Säckingen and garbage home to the new district of Lörrach. After completion of the municipal reform of Lörrach district comprises 35 municipalities, including eight cities and of these, in turn, three " large district towns " ( Lörrach, Rheinfelden (Baden) and Weil am Rhein). Largest city is Lörrach, smallest municipality is Böllen, which is also the smallest municipality in the state.
Population Development
The population figures are census results (V) or official updates by the State Statistical Office of Baden- Württemberg; are counted here only the principal residences.
Policy
The district is administered by the county council and the district administration.
Council
The district council is elected by the voters in the district for five years. This body elects the District for a term of eight years. The district council elections in 2009 gave the following result:
District
The District 's legal representative and a representative of the district as well as Chairman of the County Council and its committees. He directs the district office and is an official of the circle. His area of responsibility includes the preparation of the district council meetings and its committees. He shall convene meetings, directs this and implements the decisions taken there. In the bodies he has no voting rights. His deputy is the first state officials.
The upper office men or district administrators the district office or the district Lörrach since 1809:
Coat of arms
Divided and half split: top in silver on the left inverted, growing red lion; down in front of gold run oblique beams, back in blue diagonally left a silver wave beams ( 29 Crest Awards January 1957/11. December 1973)
The lion symbolizes the Lords of Rötteln who had their main castle in the meadow valley, the red bar ( had the Margrave of Baden large estate around Rötteln ) the coat of arms of Baden and the waves of the river meadow, which flows through the county.
Economy and infrastructure
Within the district there are large structural differences. The region in the anterior and middle meadow valley and the High Rhine valley is densely populated and heavily industrialized. Especially in the meadow valley, the textile industry was widespread. The valley and the highlands of the southern Black Forest, are sparsely populated and dominated by agriculture and tourism. The western Markgraeflerland is characterized by specialty crops such as orchards and vineyards.
In the Rhine valley lies with the thermal spa in Bad Bellingen, the youngest spa in the region.
Traffic
Road
By Oberrheinebene run from north to south two major highways: Federal Highway 5 and State Road 3 from the A 5 branches at the motorway junction in Weil am Rhein, the A 98 from. It leads over Lörrach to Rheinfelden (Baden). At only partially completed Autobahndreieck High Rhine, this goes into the A 861 over, crossed the Rhine west of Rheinfelden (Baden) and Rheinfelden ( CH) and connects the district with the Swiss A3. In the long term it is planned to extend the A98 in an easterly direction up to Waldshut -Tiengen. In the north-south axis, the B 317 follows the valley axis of the meadow valley and connects the triangle with the Feldberg mountain pass, which is already in the neighboring district of Breisgau - Black Forest.
Rail
The first stretch of the Baden State Railways, the Badische main track, reached in 1847 by Freiburg ago the district area in Schliengen and was in sections 1848 to Efringen churches, 1851 to Haltingen and 1855 to Basel continued to be built, where the right-bank district of Klein-Basel a " Baden train station " ( railway station on German customs territory in the Swiss city of Basel) was born. The following year, you could go to Säckingen; this high Rheinbahn named range continues to Constance.
The county town of Lörrach in 1862 by the German railway station in Basel connected as private track to the rail network by the route Basel- Schopfheim the meadow valley Railroad Company, which is a continuation found in 1876 by the Schopfheim - Zeller Railway Company. Because in 1889 joined by the " Baden railway consortium H. Bachstein " built, later the South German Railway Company belonging to narrow gauge railway line cell in the meadow valley - Todtnau, which resulted in the further course of cell to Todtnau and also as "upper meadow valley railway" was designated. The Kander in 1895 by the route maintenance Willingen- Kandern ( Kandertalbahn ) the company Vering & Waechter developed.
The 'Strategic tracks " Säckingen - Schopfheim and Lörrach -Weil, built in 1890 by the Baden State Railways were used to bypass the neutral Switzerland in the event of war. From Weil led in 1878 a railway line across the Rhine to St. Louis in Alsace.
The Badische Bahnhof Basel is today - although located on Swiss territory - the central interchange station for the extreme southwest of Germany, with partial very good long-distance connections (eg to change trains to Frankfurt airport). There is at least hourly in north-south direction ( Rheinland/Berlin-Oberrhein-Schweiz- (Italy ) by ICE, and superimposed a two -hour intervals the additional ICE - line Zurich -Hamburg. In local and regional services, on line S6 S-Bahn Basel (Basel SBB Basel Baden Bahnhof- Lörrach cell in the meadow valley ) in 30 -minute intervals, the regional train to Waldshut in 60 - min intervals, as well as the regional express line Basel Bad. Bahnhof- Offenburg and with tilting trains traveled inter-regional express line Basel Bad. letter- singing - Friedrichshafen -Ulm. Besides, there is also the " garden path " S5, the Lörrach with Weil am Rhein connects without the Badische Bahnhof Basel to go through.
From 122 kilometers of trails 45 km were shut down:
In Lörrach reversed from 1919 to 1939 and from 1947 to 1967 an Urban tram, which was an extension of line 6 of the Basel trams, it was only from 1925 to 1939 traveled throughout.
The most important railway construction project is the route through the Katzenberg tunnel in the north of the county parallel to the Rhine Valley Railway. The local winding section is replaced by a bypass.
Shipping
With the Rhine harbor in Weil am Rhein, the district on the Rhine is connected to the Europoort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Aviation
The district of Lörrach is in the catchment area of the bi-national Euro Airport Basel- Mulhouse- Freiburg.
County facilities
The district of Lörrach is received the following Professional Schools:
- Commercial schools Lörrach
- Commercial schools Schopfheim
- Commercial schools Rheinfelden
- Domestic schools Lörrach
- Domestic and Agricultural schools Schopfheim
- Commercial schools Lörrach
- Commercial schools Schopfheim
And also the following special schools:
- School for Patients in prolonged hospital treatment Lörrach
- Helen Keller School for the mentally handicapped and physically handicapped Maulburg
- Lever School for Mentally Handicapped Weil am Rhein
- Sprachheilschule Weil am Rhein
- School of Speech-Impaired cell in the meadow valley
In addition, the district of Lörrach is the carrier of three district hospitals Lörrach, Rheinfelden (Baden) and Schopfheim and Saint Mark Tiller - home in Schopfheim - Wiechs and nursing homes Markgraeflerland in Weil am Rhein and lock Rheinweiler in Bad Bellingen.
Culture and sights
Featured cultural and natural monuments are the castle Rötteln water castles in Inzlingen and Schliengen, castle Bürgeln, the Nonnenmattweiher that Hasler stalactite cave ( Erdmannshöhle ), the Tschamberhöhle and Eichener lake. This lake is a real curiosity. He is most of the time does not exist. Only after heavy rainfall penetrates karst water from the depths to the top and fills the country trough. If dry, the water seeps. Equally interesting is a visit to the Präger glacial cirques.
2004 Gersbach won the national competition "Our village is beautiful - Our village has a future," In 2007, the place the gold medal at the European competition Entente Florale Europe. The place as a remarkable cultural and historical monuments offers the well-preserved remains of various types Schanze and other defenses that were built in the late 17th and early 18th century, and the reproduction of such Baroque jump.
Internationally known, the Vitra Design Museum in Weil am Rhein.
Cities and Towns
The 8 cities and 27 municipalities in the district of Lörrach (as of 31 December 2012 )
Agreed administrative communities and local government associations
- Agreed administrative community of the city Kandern with the community Malsburg- Marzell
- Agreed administrative community of the city of Lörrach with the community Inzlingen
- Agreed administrative community of the city of Rheinfelden (Baden) with the community Schworstadt
- Agreed administrative fellowship of the church Schliengen with the town of Bad Bellingen
- Gemeindeverwaltungsverband Schönau im Schwarzwald based in Schönau im Schwarzwald; Member municipalities: City Schönau im Schwarzwald and communities Aitern, Böllen, Fröhnd, Schoenberg, Tunau, Utzenfeld, Wembach and Wieden
- Agreed administrative community of the city Schopfheim with communities hazel, Hausen in the meadow valley and Maulburg
- Gemeindeverwaltungsverband Front Kander based in Binzen; Member communities: Binzen, Eimeldingen, Fischingen, Rümmingen, Schallbach and Wittlingen
- Agreed administrative community of the town of Zell in the meadow valley with the community Häg - Ehrsberg
Until 31 December 2008 also consisted of Gemeindeverwaltungsverband Small Wiesentalstrasse based in Tegernau. The member communities were Bürchau, Elbenschwand, Neuenweg, Raich, Sallneck, Tegernau, meadow and Wieslet. With the formation of the unified community Small meadow valley of Gemeindeverwaltungsverband Small meadow valley was dissolved.
Cities and Towns before the district reform
Before the district reform in 1973 or before the municipal reform were part of the ( old ) district of Lörrach in 1936 a total of 83 municipalities, including six cities, the county town of Lörrach since April 1, 1956 was large district.
On March 7, 1968, the parliament of Baden -Württemberg has paved the way for a church reform. The Act to Strengthen the administrative force smaller municipalities, it was possible that smaller communities could voluntarily unite to form larger communities. The first in the old district of Lörrach made the community Fahrnau that united on 1 July 1971 with the city Schopfheim. In the following years the number of municipalities decreased steadily. On 1 January 1972 the municipality Degerfelden in the town of Rheinfelden (Baden), County Säckingen was incorporated and thus temporarily left the district of Lörrach. But on January 1, 1973 the town of Rheinfelden (Baden) part of the new enlarged district Lörrach, which thus again includes all municipalities in the old district of Lörrach.
Largest parish of the old district of Lörrach was the district town of Lörrach, smallest municipality was Böllen.
The old district of Lörrach included last an area of 638 km ² and had at the 1970 census, a total of 155 089 inhabitants.
Population development of the old district of Lörrach until 1970. All population figures are census results.
The following is a list of communities in the old district of Lörrach in front of the municipal reform. All communities are still the district of Lörrach.
Partnerships
- In 1990, a partnership with the county Glauchau was closed, which went to the district Zwickau to the local government reform.
- Since 2002, a partnership with the county Lubliniec.