Louis Hjelmslev
Louis Hjelmslev ( born October 3, 1899 in Copenhagen, † May 30, 1965 ) was a Danish linguist, representatives of European structuralism and a founder of the Copenhagen school.
Life
Louis Hjelmslev - son of the mathematician Johannes Hjelmslev - studied from 1917 to 1923 comparative linguistics at the University of Copenhagen, where he earned his doctorate under Holger Pedersen. Hjelmslev had specialized in the Lithuanian language, which he studied in Lithuania in 1921. In 1919 he received the Gold Medal of the University for an essay on Oscan inscriptions.
In 1934, Louis Hjelmslev professor in Aarhus and 1937 at the University of Copenhagen. During this time, the development of glossematics began together with Hans Jørgen Uldall. Since 1956 he was its director and founder of the Institute of Linguistics and Phonetics. Most recently, he suffered from a long-term brain disease.
Work
Hjelmslev's theory - called by him " glossematics " - led Saussure's concept of the linguistic sign on. The character is represented by a character relationship (also drawing function ) between two levels, the expression plane and the content level. When interchanging two units in one plane, then, in principle, also a difference in the other. In each level, the units are characterized by their relationships with others before or subordinate units at this level ( syntagmatic relations, as " horizontal " veranschaulichbar ) as well as relations with possible alternatives for the occurrence in the same place ( paradigmatic relations, as " Vertical " veranschaulichbar ). Syntagmatic relations are thus relations between elements that are part of the same form, eg, "win " in " winter " or the subject-verb relationship in "Bernd writes ". Paradigmatic semantic relationships are relationships between units that can substitute for each other, for example, synonymy and antonymy. Both types of relationships produce in both planes a "form", defined as a structure of relationships between linguistic units. This " form " is then - " projected on the mind, like a net spread its shadow over an undivided surface prostrates ," to generate what is called Hjelmslev "substance" - in the manner Hjelmslev's expression.
Louis Hjelmslev approach tries, especially in the early phases of work to operate the speech analysis purely intra- linguistic and extra-linguistic aspects in a separate discipline - to consider - " paralinguistics ". Tones, registers and gestures about - so-called Konnotatoren - he treated as not " expression ", but the " substance" belonging. Therefore, do not occur in the semiological analysis, but in the " paralinguistics " with its neighboring disciplines kinesics and proxemics.
Publications
- Principes de grammaire générale. Høst, København 1928.
- An outline of glosse automatics. Levin og Munksgaard, København 1936.
- Mélanges offerts à M. linguistiques Holger Pedersen à l' occasion de son soixante - dixième anniversaire 7 avril 1937. Universitetsforlag. , Aarhus 1937.
- Omkring sprogteoriens grundlaeggelse. København, 1943. English edition: Prolegomena to a Theory of Language. University of Wisconsin, Madison in 1969.
- German edition: Prolegomena to a Theory of Language. Hueber, Munich 1974.
- German edition: The language. An Introduction. Translated from the Danish translated by Otmar Werner. University Press, Darmstadt 1968.
- Breve fra og til Rasmus Rask. On behalf of the Rask - Oersted Fund. Munksgaard, København 1941.