Lower Rhine Plain

The Lower Rhine lowlands is a major German landscape that extends east and west of the Rhine north of Dusseldorf and the Dutch border. It includes the counties Heinberg ( partial), Viersen, Neuss, Wesel, Kleve and the cities of Mönchengladbach, Krefeld, Duisburg and Oberhausen.

Geography

The Lower Rhine Lowland is bordered to the northeast and east by the Westphalian Bay, on the southeast by the Bergische Land, to the south by the Lower Rhine Valley and Cologne Bay and to the west and north-west of the Netherlands.

The Lower Rhine lowlands is a river terrace landscape. In the flat terraces, there are several insertions as the sole valleys, floodplains, Altstromrinnen (regional Kendel called ) or the Stauchmoränenwall the Lower Rhine heights. The elevation is almost always less than 100 m above sea level. NN.

Nature regions

The Lower Rhine lowlands was reported in the manual of the biogeographic division of Germany as one of 86 so-called main unit groups in Germany, it was the code 57 and was divided into nine to " 57 " incipient, three digit so-called main units, one tenth that touches Germany also marginal ( Eltener heights) was already shown in the map of 1960, but initially without number assignment. In 1963 to 1978, was a fine structure on a scale of 1: 200,000 to the single sheets Dusseldorf / Erkelenz (southern, 1963), Kleve / Wesel (North Part, 1977) and Cologne / Aachen ( only parts of the Selfkantbahn in the extreme south; 1978).

Overall, the following sub - natural areas were identified:

• 57 Niederrheinisches lowland 570 Selfkantbahn 570.0 Selfkantbahn - Deck board 570.00 Geilenkirchener clay plate
• 570.01 cock Busch
• 570.02 Teveren -course parent Heath and fracture
• 570.03 Dutch border Heath

• 570.20 worm lowland
• 570.21 Heinsberger Ruraue
• 570.22 Wassenberger terrace bar
• 570.23 Effeld - Ophovener Heidewald
• 570.20 worm lowland

• 571.0 Elmpt - Kaldenkirchener Grenzwaldungen 571.00 Birgelen - Elmpter Heidewald
• 571.01 Brüggener Schwalm break
• 571.02 Installed forest
• 571.03 Venlo and Heronger Heath

• 571.10 Schwalm level
• 571.11 Cute - level

• 572.0 Lower Niersebene
• 572.1 Twist Edener sand plates 572.10 Hees main deck plate
• 572.11 Wembscher break
• 572.12 Twist Edener Deck board
• 572.13 Kleinkevelaerer lowland
• 572.14 Lüllingen · Walbecker Sandplatte

• 573.0 Straelen Grefrath - Mönchengladbach terraces 573.00 Straelener Deck board
• 573.01 Grefrath - Viersener terrace bar
• 573.02 Mönchengladbach terrace

• 573.10 Upper Nier and Triet breaks
• 573.11 Neersener Niersbruch
• 573.12 Medium Niersniederung
• 573.13 Nieukerker and Aldekerker break

• 574.0 Bönninghardt
• 574.1 Hees
• 574.2 Balberger ridge 574.20 Balberger sandy loess - back
• 574.21 Balberger Height Border

• 574.40 Pfalzdorfer Loess Plateau
• 574.41 Pfalzdorfer Height Border

• 575.0 Left Lower Rhine Lower terrace level 575.00 Neußer terrace bar
• 575.01 Moers Donkenland Kamper Berg and Niersenberg (leaf Wesel ); Hülser Mountain, Gulix, Rayener, Eyllscher and Dachberg and Egelsberg (leaf Dusseldorf ) ( singularities without number)

• 575.20 Oberkasseler Aue
• 575.21 ( no name; Uerdinger Aue in the extended sense) 575 210 Uerdinger Aue ( i.e.S. )
• 575 211 Lank- Latumer lower terrace Islands
• 575 212 Hohenbudberg - Rumelner lower terrace Islands
• 575 213 oestrum - Homberger lower terrace Spurs

• 575.30 Dusseldorf - Duisburg Rhine valley
• 575.31 Wedau low Brucher Mark forests
• 575.32 Ruhr- Emscher- estuary 575 320 Lower Ruhr lowlands
• 575 321 Ruhr- Emscher- plate

• 575 340 Spellener dunes

• 576.0 Upper Issel level 576.00 Drevenacker dunes
• 576.01 Weseier level
• 576.02 Isselbruch
• 576.03 Dingdener shifting sand bars

• 576.10 Diersfordter dunes
• 576.11 Witten Horster sand plates

• 576.20 Millinger level
• 576.21 Isselburg - Wertherbruch lowland
• 576.22 Bocholt sand plain

• 577.0 Xanten Bay 577.00 Xanten -Marie Baumer Rhine valley
• 577.01 Labbe Shrouded break

• 577.10 Appeldorn -Kal karer Rhine valley 577 100 Reeser Stromaue
• 577 101 Wisseler dunes

• 577.20 Grieth - Klever Rhine valley 577 200 Emmericher Stromaue

• 577 300 Zyfflicher Sandplatte

• 577,500 Borghees

• 578.0 King Hardter sand plates 578.00 King Hardter Main Deck board
• 578.01 Hiesfeld - Sterkrader means terraces
• 578.02 Hunxe - Gahlener flat waves

• 578.10 Krude Burger Lippeaue
• 578.11 Hunxe - Gahlener terraces
• 578.12 dam Emmel Kamper terraces

• 578.20 Brünen -Freudenberger Main Deck board
• 578.21 Schermbecker flat waves
• 578.22 Bakel - Emmel Kamper dunes
• 578.23 Marianthalar Ebane

• 578.30 Krech Qualtinger Aatalaue
• 578.31 Rheder valley
• 578.32 Southern Krech Qualtinger edge plane

• 578.40 Vardingholter Main Deck board
• 578.41 Holtwicker Bachtalniederung

• 579.0 (without names) 579.00 Eltener upsetting Wall Heights
• 579.01 Eltener Height Border

Geology

Main article: Geology of the Lower Rhine Basin

The Lower Rhine lowlands of the northern part of the geological structure Lower Rhine Valley. Its geology is determined by subsidence in the last 30 million years, which in this lowland sediment package of up to 1,300 m thick have created.

Climate

The annual precipitation is between 700 and 800 mm, the mean annual temperature of 9.5 to 10.5 ° C. There is an embossed atlantic climate with mild, mostly snowless winters, moderately warm summers and long growing season.