Lucent

Lucent Technologies (name of the operating company in Germany: Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH) was until the merger with Alcatel for Alcatel -Lucent SA in the summer of 2006, a telecommunications company, headquartered in Murray Hill (New Jersey), USA. Lucent Technologies developed and distributed systems, software and services for communications networks with emphasis on convergence of networks, services and communication media. The customer base included service providers, enterprises and governments globally active. The total group achieved in fiscal year 2004 sales of 9.05 billion U.S. dollars and employed approximately 31,000 people worldwide. ( All figures in this article are as of September 2005, unless otherwise noted. )

• 2.1 Friedrich Heller ( 1858-1904 )
• 2.2 Felten & Guilleaume ( 1906-1911 )
• 2.3 TeKaDe ( 1912-1949 )
• 2.4 TeKaDe and Felten & Guilleaume Telecommunication GmbH ( 1950-1982 )
• 2.5 Philips Communications Industry AG ( 1982-1995 )
• 2.6 AT & T and Lucent Technologies (1996-2000)
• 2.7 Lucent Technologies (2001-2006)
• 2.8 Merger with Alcatel (2006)

Business areas of the company

Lucent Technologies is divided into two divisions: the products and solutions division, Network Solutions Group and the services division of Lucent Worldwide Services. In addition, part of Lucent Technologies, the research and development center Bell Labs.

Network Solutions Group

The Network Solutions Group comprises products and solutions for fixed, mobile networks and converged networks. Solutions for converged networks are in particular:

• Services and applications: VoIP Solutions
• Convergent, personalized applications
• Triple-play solutions
• Messaging
• Solutions for fast mobile data services
• Mobile Internet MyLife ® platform
• Security in Communication

• Systems for circuit-and packet -switched voice networks
• Systems for data networks
• Optical Network Technology
• Access technology, wired and wireless supported
• 3G solutions
• Network Management Software

Lucent Worldwide Services

Lucent Worldwide Services (LWS ) provides services, in particular

• Professional services ( such as consulting),
• Deployment,
• Maintenance,
• Managed services ( for example, network remote maintenance).

World include an area LWS about 10,000 technicians, engineers, consultants and program managers in 45 countries on 6 continents.

Bell Labs

Overview

The Bell Laboratories ( Bell Labs), as stated by the world's largest private research institute of communication technology.

They develop products and solutions for communications networks and at the same time explore the basics of communication technologies. The Bell Labs have developed about 40,000 inventions and 31,000 patents.

Your researchers received inter alia six Nobel Prizes in Physics, nine U.S. National Medals of Science and eight U.S. National Medals of Technology.

Lucent Technologies invests approximately twelve percent of its sales in the activities of Bell Labs.

Major developments

The best-known developments of Bell Labs include:

• Transistor (1947 )
• Laser (1958)
• Optical Communication
• Data transmission ( transmission of the first remote copy 1925 first remote control of a computer by a telegraph between New Hampshire and New York in the late 1940s )
• Digital multiplexed transmission of speech (1962)
• Concept of cell -based mobile telephony ( development of the concept and the first mobile communications mid-1940s )
• Telecommunications satellites ( Telstar 1 1962)
• Digital Signal Processor (DSP) (1979)
• Multifrequency (1963 )
• UNIX ( about 1970 )
• C programming ( about 1970 )

Bell Labs in Nuremberg

The Bell Labs in Nuremberg have the title ' Optical Center of Excellence " and are the largest research and development site of Lucent Technologies outside the U.S.. In Nuremberg, the entire optical product range and the range SDH are researched and developed. One of the priorities are high-speed transmission, ASICs and optical amplifiers as well as the so-called Lambda Unite ® Multiservice Switch, an optical network node that integrates the functionality of a cross-connect and a multiplexer.

Another focus is the UMTS development; in Nuremberg interface specifications and UMTS and HSDPA base stations and software for PC data cards are developed and system and interoperability tests carried out and act in building commercial networks.

A third focus is the integration of mobile and fixed network technologies to an IP-based network that can be realized converged services.

Cooperation with other research institutions

Since April 2001, Lucent Technologies operates in cooperation with the Heinrich -Hertz-Institut, the terabit laboratory Nuremberg.

History

Friedrich Heller (1858-1904)

The history of telecommunications in Nuremberg begins with Friedrich Heller. In 1858 he opened a mechanical workshop and primarily manufactures electric doorbell systems and telegraph. 1876 ​​Alexander Graham Bell reports on a telephone in the U.S. for patent. Heller purchased two sets and introduces Bell's 1877 telephone sets with their own improvements. He applied at the Royal Bavarian General Directorate of Traffic Bavarian institutions and receives its first order from the post office. 1884 following approval as a supplier to the railroad company; Post and rail are its main customers. Heller's business is flourishing at first, but gets into financial difficulties in 1903 and liquidated in 1904.

Felten & Guilleaume (1906-1911)

The company Felten & Guilleaume takes over 1906, the company in liquidation Heller, later, also based in Nuremberg company Obermaier. With these acquisitions, Felten & Guilleaume has a Nuremberg branch with a production program that allows you to supply customers with cable and telephone sets. The contacts to the post office to be removed. Improve the scope and profitability of the business from year to year.

TeKaDe (1912-1949)

In 1912, Felten & Guilleaume converts his Nuremberg branch into an independent public company, the Süddeutsche telephone equipment, cable and wire Werke AG with the telegram word TeKaDe. 1921 to begin the development of line amplifiers and the construction of repeater offices. The introduction of public service broadcasting in 1923 creates new demand and production areas. First is TeKaDe detector receiver and headphones in large numbers here, then radio tubes and radio equipment. After the introduction of sound films in 1928, the company first developed a practicable amplifier for sound film theater. Half of all German cinemas will soon be equipped with TeKaDe amplifiers, TeKaDe produced 100,000 radio and amplifier tubes per month.

Demand rises sharply from 1934. TeKaDe also provides radio equipment for the mass market, including the popular receiver ago. In the German Reich, the Reich Broadcasting Company begins in March 1935 with the German television broadcast through the transmitter " Paul Nipkow " at the Berlin Exhibition Grounds. TeKaDe develops and manufactures 1928-1936 mirror screw television, from 1936 televisions with cathode ray tube. Together with Telefunken and other developed TeKaDe the " people's TV " ( television receiver unit e 1). It is Christmas 1939 come on the market, but the war prevented mass production. The establishment of an air-raid warning service and the wired radio, a precursor of today's cable connections, require large amounts of cables and amplifiers. The imperial post mainly required cable amplifier in the newly developed standardized modular construction.

TeKaDe and Felten & Guilleaume Telecommunication GmbH (1950-1982)

The carrier frequency technology brings a wealth of new features for voice traffic over long distances. It allows the transfer of first 60 and eventually more than 960 parallel talks over a line. In order to develop this technique and use establish Felten & Guilleaume and Philips in 1949, the Joint Undertaking Felten & Guilleaume Telecommunication GmbH (FGF ), headquartered in Nuremberg, from 1953 at its present location Thurn - und-Taxis -Strasse 10 TeKaDe is still in the areas of switching equipment, amplifiers, charge meter and cable fabrication works. 1959, the production in the cable plant in Nuremberg - long water is absorbed.

From 1961 TeKaDe supplies the equipment for public land mobile radio service, the first mobile network in Germany, also known as A- net. The vehicle system B72 achieved as a car phone, long-distance trains as Zugpostfunk and inland vessels widespread. In addition TeKaDe also developed the network technology for the A- net.

1970 TeKaDe begins with the marketing of telephones and PBXs directly in the private market and brings out a series of six telephone sets with new design. 1971 private customers are the first devices for the Selbstwählverkehr from TeKaDe - production. Begin in early 1977 in Nuremberg trials with a videophone system. The message transmission by optical fiber (fiber) reached 1981 maturity. TeKaDe installed a first remote cable run with 34 Mbit / s transmission capacity between Nuremberg and Schwabach.

Philips Communications Industry AG (1982-1995)

1982 from four plant sites, among others, TeKaDe FGF - formed to the cable plant in Nuremberg - long water, the Philips Communications Industry AG ( PKI). Digital switching and transmission technology begins to replace the analog systems. After the fall of the Wall decoration of the former GDR busy with the latest transmission technology business. The high - time experienced the company PKI 1992 The high growth figures have not been touched. ; followed by several waves of layoffs. In spring 1995, first sales calls with the U.S. company AT & T are out.

AT & T and Lucent Technologies (1996-2000)

In early 1996, takes over AT & T several divisions of the PKI. In Nuremberg development of GSM base stations and controllers as well as system integration and testing of GSM mobile networks are now settled. The GPRS and EDGE techniques to increase the data rates and new methods are being developed to increase capacity in Nuremberg. In the optical transmission equipment technologies are being developed, especially the increase of the transmission capacity of the four (10 Gbit / s) and sixteen -fold ( 40 Gbit / s ) compared with the just-introduced (STM -16) SDH systems.

As part of the deregulation of the U.S. telecommunications market, AT & T in 1996 spun off its network technology division. As a newly established company she goes under the name of Lucent Technologies Inc. to go public. The Bell Labs, AT & T's research and development centers for communication technology include, since the spin-off also to Lucent Technologies.

The production facility in the Allersberger road will be replaced in 1997 by the Global Provisioning Center (GPC ) in the former Grundig plant 16 on the road in Long Beuthener water. 700 employees produced GSM and SDH systems. At the site Thurn - und-Taxis - road A new headquarters building.

Lucent Technologies (2001-2006)

The crisis of the new economy recorded and Lucent Technologies. Changes in the organization, outsourcing of company divisions and staff reductions reduce the workforce in the years 2001 to 2003 by 126,000 to less than 35,000 people worldwide. The GPC in Nuremberg is closed; Lucent Technologies transfers production to external companies. Divisions are split off as a separate company, for example, Avaya or Agere.

The business Lucent Technologies ' Optical Fiber Solutions, in which, inter alia, are produced in Augsburg fiber optic cable, 2001 Furukawa Electric is sold ( with a minority stake of CommScope ). The new company will become independent under the name of OFS Bright Wave. Its headquarters is located in Norcross on the outskirts of Atlanta. The distribution for Germany remains in Bonn. 2004, Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd.. , Through its subsidiary Furukawa Electric North America, Inc. sole owner of OFS Bright Wave.

After closure of the development departments in Huizen / Hilversum (Netherlands ), the Nuremberg site for the most development site outside the United States.

In Nuremberg, the transition is accompanied by the GSM to UMTS technology. Network technology and devices, such as the UMTS data card for laptops, originally developed in Nuremberg; the development of high bit rate optical transmission systems continues. 2003, the GSM development software ( later today Flextronics Software Systems Aricent ) transferred to the Hughes system.

Merger with Alcatel (2006)

On April 2, 2006 Lucent Technologies announced that it will merge within twelve months with his French counterpart Alcatel. Together, the two companies expected an annual turnover of 21 billion euros and savings through synergies of EUR 1.4 billion within three years. CEO was the former CEO of Lucent Technologies Patricia Russo, former Alcatel during CEO Serge Tchuruk Non-Executive Chairman with extended powers was. The new name is Alcatel -Lucent. In Germany, the merger with effect from 20 June 2006, with the merger of Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH on the Alcatel-Lucent Germany AG was completed. The farms Nuremberg, Bonn and Neu-Isenburg Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH will continue. The production of devices is now done mainly in the Far East.