Ludwig Bieberbach

Ludwig Georg Elias Moses Bieberbach ( born December 4, 1886 in Goddelau in Darmstadt, † September 1, 1982 in Oberau village in Upper Bavaria ) was a German mathematician.

Life

As the son of Eberhard Bieberbach, director of the insane asylum of Heppenheim / mountain road, and his wife Lina Louis, he studied at the universities of Heidelberg and Göttingen. The doctorate, he graduated 1910. During the same year he took a position as a lecturer at the University of Königsberg. In 1913 he was a full professor at the University of Basel, 1915 at the University of Frankfurt am Main. At the University of Berlin he taught from 1921 to 1945.

From 1924 to 1945 Bieberbach was a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Since 1924 he was also a member of the German Academy of Sciences ( Leopoldina ). In the Third Reich Bieberbach was one of the most active National Socialists at Berlin University. He was SA member since 1933 and an active member of the NSDAP since 1937. A long-time dean and vice-rector, he assumed important leadership positions in the university. Because of his active involvement in the persecution of Jewish scientists, the history of the Berlin University describes it as " Grand Inquisitor of the University". Among the victims of his activities included, among other things, Hilda Geiringer, Edmund Landau and Isay Schur, with which he had published in 1928 still geometry of numbers. He tried to establish a " German mathematics " and founded a magazine with that name. In his attempt to exploit the DMV in his mind, but he encountered resistance, among others, Helmut Hasse and had to back off. His published without consultation with his colleagues Open Letter to the well-known Danish mathematician Harald Bohr in the annual report of the DMV 1934 caused a scandal, and he was forced to resign from his position in the DMV. 1945 Bieberbach was dismissed from all his offices. 1949 invited him Alexander Ostrovsky one to keep in Basel lectures, but was criticized heavily. In the fifties he lived in Berlin -Dahlem, later in Oberau village.

In 1932 he gave a plenary lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Zurich (operation ranges of functions).

Work

He worked on function theory and their connections to other areas of mathematics and authored 130 articles and textbooks on these subjects. Of particular interest are his three Bieberbach theorems, which show that there are only a finite number of space groups are in each dimension, which he solved the 18 of the 23 mathematical problems of David Hilbert. Furthermore, he presented the 1916 Bieberbach conjecture on that for the coefficients of each simple, that is holomorphic and bijective function

On the open unit disk in the complex plane, the inequalities

. apply Bieberbach proved the case n = 2, 1923 Löwner the case n = 3 was proved the conjecture Completed in 1984 by Louis de Branges de Bourcia.

Additional areas of Bieberbach concerned the analysis, function theory and the theory of conformal mappings. According to him the Bieberbach group and the Fatou - Bieberbach areas are named.

Writings

• On the theory of automorphic functions. Inaugural Dissertation for the Doctorate of high philosophical faculty of the Georg -August- University Göttingen, Göttingen, 1910.
• Over a set of Mr. C. Jordan in the theory of finite groups of linear substitutions. Publishing House of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1911. ( = Proceedings of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences X, 1911).
• Introduction to conformal mapping. de Gruyter, Berlin 1915
• Function theory. Teubner, Leipzig, 1922. ( = Teubner Technical manuals, 14)
• Theory of differential equations. Lectures from the entire field of ordinary and partial differential equations. 1923, Berlin ( = basic teachings of the mathematical sciences 6)
• Differential and integral calculus. Volume 1 differential calculus. 1927
• Textbook of function theory. Volume 2 Modern Function Theory. Teubner, Leipzig and Berlin 1927
• Lectures on Algebra, Using the third edition of the same work by Dr. Gustav Bauer. 4th edition, Teubner, Leipzig and Berlin 1928.
• Theory of differential equations. Lectures from the entire field of ordinary and partial differential equations. Third revised edition. Springer, Berlin 1930 ( = The basic teachings of the Mathematical Sciences in monographs with special consideration of the application. Band VI)
• Textbook of function theory. Volume I Elements of function theory. Leipzig 1930
• Analytic geometry. Leipzig 1930.
• Projective geometry. Teubner, Leipzig and Berlin, 1931.
• Differential geometry. 1932
• Introduction to the higher geometry. Leipzig 1933 ( = Teubner 's mathematical manuals, Volume 39 )
• Galileo and the Inquisition. Munich in 1938
• Carl Friedrich Gauss. A German scholar's life. Wedge, Berlin, 1938.
• Introduction to conformal mapping. De Gruyter, Berlin, 1949.
• Theory of geometric structures. Basel 1952 ( = Mathematical Series, Volume 13 )
• Theory of ordinary differential equations shown on functional theoretical basis. Berlin 1953. ( = The basic teachings of the mathematical sciences in monographs, Volume LXVI )
• Analytic continuation. Berlin 1955 ( = results of mathematics and its applications, Volume 3 )
• Introduction to the theory of differential equations in the real field. Springer, Berlin, Göttingen, Heidelberg 1956.
• Introduction to analytic geometry. 6th edition, Bielefeld 1962.