Lyuben Karavelov
Liuben Stoychev Karavelov ( Bulgarian Любен Стойчев Каравелов; * November 1834 in Koprivshtitsa; † 21 January 1879 in Russian) was a Bulgarian poet, activist of the Bulgarian National Revival and brother of the Bulgarian politician Petko Karavelov. He played a decisive role in the formation of the Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee ( BRZK ), a Revolutionary modeled after the interior organization created national revolutionary movement.
Life
He was born in 1834 in a wealthy family in Koprivshtitsa, first attended school there, then in Plovdiv, and after he studied in Russia. During his ten -year stay there he made many useful contacts. He was influenced by the ideas of the Russian revolutionaries and democrats Chernyshevsky, Dobroliubov and heart, and worked for newspapers such as " the ", " Moskva ", " Golos ", etc.
1867 Karavelov was sent to Belgrade correspondent of " Golos ". In Serbia, he made contact with the Serbian liberal organization " Omladina " and organized a Bulgarian committee to send revolutionary groups in the Bulgarian lands. After the assassination of the Serbian King Mihailo Obrenović Karavelov 1868 jailed in Budapest, where he gained during the 203 days of his stay his previous experiences and ideas newly covered. In his address to the Bulgarians, which was republished in 1869 under the title " My brothers ," he developed the idea that the Bulgarians themselves should fight for their freedom by fighting the Greek clergy and Turkish conquerors. In a further step, he proposed a collaboration with the Serbs against the common enemy.
In the fall of 1869 Karavelov came to Bucharest, where he began to publish (Freedom) his newspaper " Swoboda ". To the newspaper editors around itself revolutionary émigrés, participants collected to former liberal and revolutionary organizations. Some of them founded in 1869 a new movement - the Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee. In the opinion Karawelows this should aim to remove the Turkish administration in the Bulgarian lands and to create their own state. This should be done in his opinion, with the assistance of major powers such as Russia. Against the most wealthy Bulgarians, who sympathized with the Turks, he was critical of.
At the same time there was in the Bulgarian lands another revolutionary organization under the direction of Vasil Levski: the Internal Revolutionary Organization. Both organizations had the same goal - the liberation of Bulgaria from the Turks - but different ideas about how this should be achieved. However, its members began to realize that they are dependent on mutual cooperation.
The first joint meeting was held from 29 April to 5 May 1872 in Bucharest instead. It was agreed to integrate the Internal Revolutionary Organization in the Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee, which received the majority of votes, namely 33 to 17 for the emigrants. A joint program was decided.
After his return to Bulgaria Levski began to reorganize the revolutionary power. One of his assistants was Dimitar Obshti, a revolutionary with great experience, but headstrong and undisciplined. Without the knowledge of Levski, he organized an attack on the Turkish Post in the mountain pass Arabakonak on 22 September 1872. Given the danger that the revolutionary organization destroyed in the subsequent arrests and discovered their members and were killed, Levski received a letter from Karavelov in which he was asked to take immediate action. He made his way to Bucharest to discuss the whole situation. On the way he was betrayed, arrested by the Turks and a little later (February 6, 1873) hanged. After disagreements about how to proceed within the Revolutionary Committee to Karavelov 1874 withdrew from the committee and devoted himself to the editorial work for his new magazine " Znanie ". Although he leaves the organization he founded, at a critical moment, Karavelov remains an important ideologist and organizer of the Bulgarian liberation movement.