Ma Mingxin

Ma Mingxin (马明 心, Ma Ming -hsin; * 1719 in Wudu, Gansu, † in Lanzhou (executed ), Gansu 1781) was the hui Chinese founder of Jahriyya - Menhuan, one of the four major Menhuan ( Sufischulen ) of China, a mainly prevalent in Ningxia, Gansu and Yunnan Naqshbandi Tariqa ( Sufi Order ) of Islam. The school spread originally in the 16th century through Central Asia in the areas of Yarkant ( Shache ) and Kashgar ( Kashi ) in Xinjiang and was introduced in 1744 by Ma Mingxin in Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai.

Ma had studied in Mecca and Yemen under a Naqshbandi Sufi teacher named 'Abd al - Chāliq ( Chinese Muslims as " Abu Duha Halik " known ), the son of az- Zayn b. Muhammad ' Abd al - Baqi al - Mizjaji ( 1643/44-1725 ), who came from Mizjaja at Zabīd in Yemen. Az- Zayn in turn had studied in Medina under the famous Kurdish mystic Ibrahim ibn Hasan al - Kurani (1616-1690), who was responsible for the vocal invocation (instead of the silent ) dhikr known.

His school has been particularly active in the late 18th and 19th centuries in Gansu Province (also Qinghai and Ningxia ), where their followers were in a number of conflicts with other Muslim groups, and in several rebellions against the ruling Qing in China dynasty was involved.