Macaroni (fashion)
Macaroni (from the Italian maccheroni ) refers to a particular form of fashion fools in England during the period 1760-1780.
As typical of the clothing Macaroni white silk breeches and stockings, and shoes were seen with diamond-set shoe buckles and red heels, fashionable attributes of the French court dress, which were felt in England during the period as inappropriate. Also, was a tiny three-cornered hat as a sign of Macaroni, which was named after Louis -Jules Mancini - Mazarini, Duke of Nivernais and French Ambassador in London, Nivernois.
The name comes from the pasta dish known in England since the early 17th century, as well as the " Macaroni and Theatrical Magazine" derives in its first edition of 1772. She came on as ( derisive ) term for young men who brought with them from their Grand Tour, they usually also led to Italy, not only the preference for continental cuisine, but also for unusual fashions and ways of speaking. One of the very numerous on the Macaroni fashion relating cartoons is probably at the time in Italy residing and working as a portrait painter Angelika Kauffmann, a friend of Goethe, as " Macaroni painter " dar.
That the Macaroni represent an early form of a homosexual subculture was indeed claimed, but is not conclusively proven. This can fool the historical perspective: What today appears as effeminate and recalls the fashionable excesses of modern drag queens, antiquarianism was then perhaps mainly as a ( silly ) perceived.
The Macaronis were indeed sometimes referred to as members of the " Macaroni Club", such a club but it has probably never existed, but such a designation should the Macaroni as the diametric opposite of a member of the " Beefsteak Club" mark. The " Beefsteak Club", specifically the " Sublime Society of Steaks ", did indeed exist, founded around 1735 by John Rich ( 1692-1761 ). So also draws the cartoon " What is this my Son Tom? " With the father as the representative of the steak -eating English gentry and as Macaroni returned home from the European tour, the son comic effect from the contrast between the two.
Even if there was no Macaroni Club, there was still collecting and crystallization points. These included the young aristocrat to Charles James Fox, the Clubs The Scavoir Vivre and Almack 's, the events of Teresa Cornelys in Carlisle House in Soho, and the masked balls in the Pantheon.
The number of Macaroni was small: even at that time, it was found that the number of Macaroni jokes and cartoons, the number of actually existing Macaroni far exceeded. And the fashion of short duration: price First of all an embarrassing incident in July 1773, called the Vauxhall affair in which some Macaroni were beaten by a clergyman, caused quite a stir in the press and gave the Macaroni even more than it already ridicule. After 1780, the Macaroni were gone. Nevertheless, a legacy remained on a permanent part of the male fashion: the inside pocket of the men's jacket goes back to the Macaroni.
In English usage, the Macaroni eventually gave way to the dandy. But on a very prominent position, the term has been preserved. The first verse of Yankee Doodle is:
Originally intended to Yankee Doodle a satirical song of the English troops to the Yankee have been who thinks in its simplicity, a feather in the cap lift it forward to the summit of fashionable sophistication, so make it the Macaroni.