Magisterium

Ecclesiastical Magisterium ( Magisterium Ecclesiae ) referred in the Christian churches, the teaching authority, which is exercised by certain persons and ecclesiastical authorities.

History

Ecclesiastical Magisterium developed in the Church's history in connection with the Bishops, especially the emergence of the Monepiskopats and its amplification by the monarchical episcopate. Result of this development was the papal primacy in Western Christendom, which first came to a head even in the sense of jus appellationis and later by the infallibility dogma of the First Vatican Council. The Reformation turned away from this understanding and saw only condition of Bible and confessions of the Church Magisterium. In addition, the centering on the papal teaching authority was rejected. So writes Martin Luther already in 1523, " that a Christian congregation or community right and might have to evaluate all the teaching and to appoint teachers, and dismiss. "

Roman Catholic understanding

The Magisterium of the Church is by the Roman Catholic understanding of the continuity of Jesus Christ and his Apostles conferred through the history of traditional authority. It guaranteed by the universal Church, the liability of the Roman Catholic faith, sets comprehensively represents, interprets it and protects it from tampering.

A distinction is made between the ordinary and extraordinary magisterium. The ordinary magisterium has held every bishop, the communion of all bishops with the Pope, and the Pope himself. The extraordinary Magisterium exercises an ecumenical council of all the bishops in communion with the Pope and the Pope alone, if he speaks ex cathedra, from.

Have decisions of the supreme Magisterium formally qua validity of their authority even without reception by the faithful, or other ecclesiastical authorities. However, they are content bound to the faith of the Church, which they explicate, and aim at the consensus of the people of God. The dogmatics different degrees of certainty or assurance regarding Nota and liability of beliefs.

Protestant understanding

In the Protestant churches is with teaching on the one hand, the exercise of public preaching and teaching on the other binding decisions of church leadership meant. The Magisterium of the Church is so exercised jointly. The support of the Magisterium include those who are called by vocation and ordination to church office, and synods and other organs of the church leaders. Frequently occur in a particular church orders the bishops to a special office of guardian. This, however, is embedded in the jointly -supported teaching.

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