Malpighiaceae

Galphimia gracilis

The Malpighiengewächse ( Malpighiaceae ) is a flowering plant family ( Magnoliopsida ). The species of this family are mainly native to the tropics of South America. The family probably originated in the Upper Cretaceous period about 68 million years ago in South America.

Description

There are mostly woody plants: shrubs, trees and vines, but also perennial herbaceous plants. The simple leaves are mostly opposite. There are Stipules present.

There are four or five sepals present. There are usually five petals present, which are stalked. The technical term for this would be: nailed petals. The flowers contain two to 15, usually five or ten stamens. Two to five, usually three carpels are fused to an inferior ovary. On the fruit, the sepals and stamens are often still preserved.

Others

  • The occurrence of oil glands shows the strong specialization. In evolution, plants that provide pollen pollinators, considered to be very primitive, further derived were plants with nectar and vegetable oil would therefore most derived. This oil is mainly collected by female bees oil, which is mixed with pollen to use as brood food.
  • The plants accumulate toxins, which were used for fishing.

System

The family contains about 64 to 68 genera and 1250 species. It is divided into two subfamilies:

  • Malpighioideae: With the genera (selection): Banisteriopsis C.B. Rob: . Species with 90.
  • Bunchosia Rich. ex Kunth: With 55 kinds.
  • Heteropterys Kunth: With 120 species.
  • Malpighia L.: With 40 to 130 species.
  • Mascagnia ( Bertero ex DC. ) Colla: With 50 species.
  • Stigmaphyllon A. Juss. Featuring 100 species.
  • Byrsonima Rich. ex Kunth: With 150 species.

Selected species

Genera

The family includes the following genera:

  • Acmanthera (A. Juss. ) Griseb.
  • Acridocarpus Guill. & Perr.
  • Adelphia W. R. Anderson
  • Aenigmatanthera W. R. Anderson
  • Alicia W. R. Anderson
  • Amorimia W. R. Anderson
  • Aspicarpa Rich.
  • Aspidopterys A. Juss. ex Endl.
  • Banisteriopsis C.B. Rob.
  • Barnebya WR Anderson & B. Gates
  • Blepharandra Griseb.
  • Brachylophon Oliv.
  • Bronwenia W. R. Anderson & C. Davis
  • Bunchosia Rich. ex Kunth
  • Burdachia Mart. ex Endl.
  • Byrsonima Rich. ex Kunth
  • Calcicola W. R. Anderson & C. Davis
  • Callaeum Small
  • Calyptostylis Arenes
  • Camarea A. St. Hil.
  • Carolus W. R. Anderson
  • Caucanthus Forssk.
  • Christian Ella W. R. Anderson
  • Coleostachys A. Juss.
  • Cordobia Nied.
  • Cottsia Dubard & Dop
  • Diacidia Griseb.
  • Dicella Griseb.
  • Digoniopterys Arenes
  • Dinemagonum A. Juss.
  • Dinemandra A. Juss. ex Endl.
  • Diplopterys A. Juss.
  • Echinopterys A. Juss.
  • Ectopopterys W. R. Anderson
  • Flabellaria Cav.
  • Flabellariopsis R. Wilczek
  • Gallardoa Hicken
  • Galphimia Cav.
  • Gaudichaudia Kunth
  • Glandonia Griseb.
  • Heladena A. Juss.
  • Henleophytum H. Karst.
  • Heteropterys Kunth
  • Hiptage Gaertn.
  • Hiraea Jacq.
  • Janusia A. Juss. ex Endl.
  • Jubelina A. Juss.
  • Lasiocarpus Liebm.
  • Lophanthera A. Juss.
  • Lophopterys A. Juss.
  • Madagasikaria C. Davis
  • Malpighia L.
  • Malpighiodes Nied.
  • Mascagnia ( Bertero ex DC. ) Colla
  • Mcvaughia W. R. Anderson
  • Mezia Schwackendorf ex Nied.
  • Micro Steira Baker
  • Mionandra Griseb.
  • Niedenzuella W. R. Anderson
  • Peixotoa A. Juss.
  • Peregrina W. R. Anderson
  • Philgamia Baill.
  • Psychopterys W. R. Anderson & S. Corso
  • Pterandra A. Juss.
  • Ptilochaeta Turcz.
  • Rhynchophora Arenes
  • Ryssopterys flower ex A. Juss.
  • Spachea A. Juss.
  • Sphedamnocarpus Planch. ex Benth. & Hook. f
  • Stigmaphyllon A. Juss.
  • Tetrapterys Cav.
  • Thryallis Mart.
  • Triaspis Burch.
  • Tricomaria Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.
  • Triopterys L.
  • Tristellateia Thouars
  • Verrucularia A. Juss.

Pictures

Camarea ericoides

Dinemandra ericoides

Janusia anisandra

Malpighia coccigera

Stigmaphyllon blanchetii

Swell

  • Davis, C. C., and W. R. Anderson. 2010th A complete phylogeny of Malpighiaceae inferred from nucleotide sequence data and morphology. American Journal of Botany 97: 2031-2048.
  • The family at the APWebsite. (English)
  • Malpighiaceae Malpighiaceae - description of the family, taxonomy, phylogeny, and nomenclature (English)
  • Description of the family in DELTA. (English)
  • Description and identification key of the Chinese taxa in the Flora of China. (English)

Evidence

Rosids Ovary (botany) Malpighia glabra Alicia (given name) Agricultural Research Service
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