Mamarce Oinochoe
The Oinochoe of Mamarce is an art history major vessel of Etruscan culture and is dated to the period around 640/20 BC.
The Oinochoe Potter Mamarce connects in several respects different cultures. First, it is the vessel to a work of style impasto, which was typical of the Villanova culture. In contrast to the generally usual, the tone of this vessel has been however already finely elutriated and the Oinochoe was turned on a potter's wheel and no longer worked by hand. The surface was polished but still in prehistoric kind. This form is referred to in the research as buccheroider impasto and prepares the future bucchero ceramics. Thus, the vessel is at the transition between the Villanova culture and the Etruscans. Ins vessel the image program was scribed. In the cracks of red massecuite was filled by the remnants are present. Not get the handle of the 20.5 cm high vessel, having a maximum diameter of 11.6 inches. The spout of the vessel is easily extended, the neck is curved concavely. With its already quite mature design language - trefoil mouth, frustoconical neck, pear-shaped body, lower and disc-shaped foot and strap handle - a quite high level of development is assumed, so the vessel into the second or third quarter of the 7th century BC, mostly in the period 640-620 BC is dated. The ornament with the red incised decoration speaks for allocation in the settlement area of Faliscans to Falerii, possibly also derived the Oinochoe but from the adjoining Veii.
Shown is a warrior who is on the right side of a horse, and left by a goat who is breastfeeding her fawn, flanked. It is probably here a modification of the usual from the oriental room Motives of despotes theron, the Lord of the animals here as despotes hippon, the Lord of the Horse. Another unusual feature is especially the representation of a lactating goat, two goats missing the fourth leg. Canonical would be here a second horse to be expected. Is also unusual in that the goat has turned her gaze from the warrior. About the goats two floating aquatic birds are shown. While the motive of the Lord of the Animals is an oriental nature, the presentation of the horse belonged to the Corinthian Greek - room, the replacement of the horse by the goat group indicates an influence of Euboea. The water birds are a relic of the Villanova culture. The engraver represented the bearded warrior with helmet, greaves and belt, the wide leg position makes it seem like he was dancing. Both the warrior and the palmette on the neck are arranged in a row with the spout centrally, which provides for a strong symmetry of the vessel. On the right side, over the horse until the warrior runs an incised inscription, which is reproduced from right to left in the Etruscan language Etruscan letters: mi mamarce zinace, I Mamarce 've made. The models of the vessel, which combines Oriental, Greek and Etruscan traditions to each other, probably to look at Syrian or Cypriot silver vessels.
Today, the Oinochoe located in the Martin von Wagner Museum in Würzburg and has the inventory number H 5724th