Marcha Real
Marcha Real [ martʃa real] ( " The Royal March " ) is the national anthem of Spain. It is one of the few national anthems without text.
The Spanish national anthem is one of the oldest in Europe. For the first time it is detectable in the 1761 Libro de Ordenanza de los toques militares de la Infantería Española (Book of Order of the military signals the Spanish infantry) by Manuel Espinosa entitled Marcha Granadera ( Grenadiermarsch ). Widely used is the resultant in Spain in the 19th century myth, the composer was Frederick II of Prussia ( Frederick the Great), who Charles III. have devoted. This assertion is based, however, on false historical assumptions.
Also controversial is the claim that 1770 was the Marcha Granadera of Charles III. been declared by decree of the official "Honour March". Only towards the middle of the 19th century, in the reign of Isabella II, it became the Marcha Real ( Royal March ).
Texts of the Marcha Real
The Marcha Real has no official text for the past 250 years. Unofficially, however, their texts were often highlighted, often gaining considerable popularity.
The oldest verses from 1843 submitted by Ventura de la Vega:
During the reign of King Alfonso XIII. (1886-1931) were the Marcha Real Verses by Eduardo Marquina background: " Vida, vida, futuro de la Patria, que en tus ojos corazón abierto it " ( German: "Life, life, future of the motherland, the one in your eyes open heart is. "). After the end of Franco's rule, there were reportedly efforts to officially declare this text also to the text of the Spanish national anthem. King Juan Carlos I should have, however, decided against the Marcha Real inferior to a text.
After the Marcha Real was replaced during the Second Republic (1930-1939) Himno de Riego by Franco La Marcha Real re-introduced. During his dictatorship (1939-1975), the national anthem was sung sometimes with verses of the poet José María Pemán. Also this text was never officially recognized.
In January 2008, a text was presented, which was the result of a competition of the Spanish National Olympic Committee. The reason for the competition was that the NOC was of the opinion that footballers should be able to sing the anthem before a game. Due largely negative reactions in politics and the public, this proposal was withdrawn after a few days.
The Triple Himno
During the period of Francoism, the Marcha Real part of the Triple Himno was ( triple anthem ), a medley which consists of - in this order - the Carlist anthem Marcha de Oriamendi, the Falangist party anthem Cara al Sol and the Marcha Real was composed. The Triple Himno rang to 1976 each for closedown of Radio Nacional de España.